期刊
JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH
卷 55, 期 2, 页码 113-129出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/00218839.2016.1203530
关键词
honey bee; Apis mellifera; in vitro rearing protocol; artificial diet; pesticides
类别
资金
- Minas Gerais State Foundation for Research Aid (FAPEMIG)
- National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- University of Florida
The in vitro rearing of worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) has become an increasingly important method in honey bee research in general, and in pesticide risk assessment specifically. Authorities from the European Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United States Environmental Protection Agency are requesting data on pesticide impacts on immature bee survivorship prior to registering new crop protection products. Those using the current in vitro rearing protocols have had variable success with immature bee survival and protocol repeatability. Here, we present an improved method for the in vitro rearing of worker honey bees from larvae to adult emergence. We have achieved consistently high survival (>95%) in our control and solvent-control rearing trials. Changes in the proportion of diet components, royal jelly source, maintenance of the developing bee, and rearing environment are the main contributors for our high rearing success and are discussed herein. Our in vitro rearing protocol can be implemented as the standard protocol to determine the impact of pesticides on immature bees because of the protocol's high control survivability, ease in end point determination, and high overall repeatability.
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