A stromal Integrated Stress Response activates perivascular cancer-associated fibroblasts to drive angiogenesis and tumour progression

Bidirectional signalling between the tumour and stroma shapes tumour aggressiveness and metastasis. ATF4 is a major effector of the Integrated Stress Response, a homeostatic mechanism that couples cell growth and survival to bioenergetic demands. Using conditional knockout ATF4 mice, we show that global, or fibroblast-specific loss of host ATF4, results in deficient vascularization and a pronounced growth delay of syngeneic melanoma and pancreatic tumours. Single-cell transcriptomics of tumours grown in Atf4(Delta/Delta) mice uncovered a reduction in activation markers in perivascular cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Atf4(Delta/Delta) fibroblasts displayed significant defects in collagen biosynthesis and deposition and a reduced ability to support angiogenesis. Mechanistically, ATF4 regulates the expression of the Col1a1 gene and levels of glycine and proline, the major amino acids of collagen. Analyses of human melanoma and pancreatic tumours revealed a strong correlation between ATF4 and collagen levels. Our findings establish stromal ATF4 as a key driver of CAF functionality, malignant progression and metastasis. Verginadis et al. show that ATF4 regulates Col1a1 expression and collagen biosynthesis in perivascular cancer-associated fibroblasts, thereby supporting angiogenesis and progression in melanoma and pancreatic cancer.

Automated summary

Bidirectional signalling between the tumour and stroma plays a crucial role in shaping tumour aggressiveness and metastasis. ATF4, a major effector of the Integrated Stress Response, regulates collagen biosynthesis and deposition in perivascular cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), thereby supporting angiogenesis and progression in melanoma and pancreatic cancer.