期刊
NATURE
卷 605, 期 7911, 页码 675-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04721-1
关键词
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资金
- EU Quantum Technology Flagship grant AQTION [820495]
- US Army Research Office [W911NF-21-1-0007]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF), through the SFB BeyondC (FWF project) [F7109]
- Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) [872766]
- IQI GmbH
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant [840450]
- ERC Starting Grant QNets [804247]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy 'Cluster of Excellence Matter and Light for Quantum Computing (ML4Q) [EXC 2004/1' 390534769]
- Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), via the US Army Research Office grant [W911NF-16-1-0070]
- European Research Council (ERC) [804247] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [840450] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
In this study, a fault-tolerant universal gate set for two logical qubits in a trapped-ion quantum computer is demonstrated. The presence or absence of errors is indicated by auxiliary flag qubits using the paradigm of flag fault tolerance. The hallmark feature of fault tolerance is observed, paving the way for error-corrected universal quantum computation.
Quantum computers can be protected from noise by encoding the logical quantum information redundantly into multiple qubits using error-correcting codes(1,2). When manipulating the logical quantum states, it is imperative that errors caused by imperfect operations do not spread uncontrollably through the quantum register. This requires that all operations on the quantum register obey a fault-tolerant circuit design(3-5), which, in general, increases the complexity of the implementation. Here we demonstrate a fault-tolerant universal set of gates on two logical qubits in a trapped-ion quantum computer. In particular, we make use of the recently introduced paradigm of flag fault tolerance, where the absence or presence of dangerous errors is heralded by the use of auxiliary flag qubits(6-10). We perform a logical two-qubit controlled-NOT gate between two instances of the seven-qubit colour code(11,12), and fault-tolerantly prepare a logical magic state(8,13). We then realize a fault-tolerant logical T gate by injecting the magic state by teleportation from one logical qubit onto the other(14). We observe the hallmark feature of fault tolerance-a superior performance compared with a non-fault-tolerant implementation. In combination with recently demonstrated repeated quantum error-correction cycles(15,16), these results provide a route towards error-corrected universal quantum computation.
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