期刊
MOLECULAR THERAPY
卷 30, 期 5, 页码 1952-1965出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.03.014
关键词
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资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [SFB TR84, PR1274/3-1, PR1274/5-1, SFB 1449-431232613, SFBTR84, SFB 1470, KU1218/9-1, KU1218/11-1, SFB-TR84]
- Helmholtz Association [HIL-A03]
- BMBF [01GM1908D, 01KX2021, 01KI20160A, 01ZX1906A, 01ZX1604B]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [16GW0247]
- Einstein Foundation 3R [EZ-2020-597 FU]
- BIH
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin
- BIH (CMCOVID)
- DFG RTG CompCancer [GRK2424/1]
- Stiftung Charite-Einstein BIH Visiting Fellow Program
This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies on COVID-19 treatment. Dexamethasone exhibited strong anti-inflammatory properties and prevented severe disease outbreaks. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody treatment reduced pulmonary viral burden. Combination therapy showed additive benefits in both antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects.
For coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), effective and well understood treatment options are still scarce. Since vaccine efficacy is challenged by novel variants, short-lasting immunity, and vaccine hesitancy, understanding and optimizing therapeutic options remains essential. We aimed at better understanding the effects of two standard of-care drugs, dexamethasone and anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies, on infection and host responses. By using two COVID-19 hamster models, pulmonary immune responses were analyzed to characterize effects of single or combinatorial treatments. Pulmonary viral burden was reduced by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody treatment and unaltered or increased by dexamethasone alone. Dexamethasone exhibited strong anti-inflammatory effects and prevented fulminant disease in a severe disease model. Combination therapy showed additive benefits with both antiviral and anti-inflammatory potency. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analyses confirmed dampened inflammatory cell recruitment into lungs upon dexamethasone treatment and identified a specifically responsive subpopulation of neutrophils, thereby indicating a potential mechanism of action. Our analyses confirm the anti-inflammatory properties of dexamethasone and suggest possible mechanisms, validate anti-viral effects of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody treatment, and reveal synergistic effects of a combination therapy, thus informing more effective COVID-19 therapies.
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