期刊
MEDICINE
卷 101, 期 21, 页码 -出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029416
关键词
acute hepatitis; antibiotics; case report; drug-induced liver injury; liver failure; xeroderma pigmentosum
This case study presents a rare occurrence of metronidazole-induced hepatotoxicity in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum, highlighting the importance for clinicians to consider such adverse events in rare disease patients.
Rationale: Whereas metronidazole-induced hepatotoxicity is quite rare in the general population, in individuals carrying a nucleotide excision repair disorder, namely Cockayne syndrome, there is a high risk of developing this complication. Patient concerns: We report the case of a 44-year-old man, affected by xeroderma pigmentosum, who was admitted to the hospital presenting aspiration pneumoniae caused by worsening dysphagia and with severe hepatotoxicity during the hospitalization. Diagnoses: Acute hepatitis, which was leading to acute liver failure, occurred during antibiotic treatment with metronidazole and ceftazidime with an elevation of liver enzymes consistent with hepatocellular damage pattern. Interventions: Hydration with glucose 5% solution, pantoprazole and vitamin K were administered, meanwhile other causes of hepatitis were ruled out and the ongoing antibiotic treatment was stopped suspecting a drug-induced liver injury. Outcomes: Liver function nearly completely recovered 1 month later with a first rapid improvement, within few days, of aminotransferases and coagulation studies, and slower of cholestatic enzymes. Lessons: We describe the first case available in the literature of hepatotoxicity associated with metronidazole treatment in a xeroderma pigmentosum patient. Clinicians therefore, based on this report and according to the possible underlying mechanism shared by other genetic diseases characterized by alterations in the pathway of DNA-repair, should consider such adverse event also in patients affected by this rare disease.
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