Coking of Catalysts: Mechanisms, Models, and Influence

This review considers the mechanism of multilayered coke formation on catalysts of various types and analyzes its possible variants. A detailed derivation of equations of the dynamics of accumulation for different types of coke and the kinetics of its deactivating effect is given. The substantiated dependences of the relative activity of a catalyst on the concentration of coke are derived. Specific examples of these dependences are presented. They confirm the advantages of rigorous models based on the mechanism of the phenomenon in comparison with the formal description of experiments, which does not have predictive power.

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This review examines the mechanism of multilayered coke formation on various catalysts and analyzes its possible variations. The study provides a detailed derivation of the dynamic equations for different types of coke accumulation and the kinetics of its deactivating effect. The derived dependencies of catalyst relative activity on coke concentration are substantiated. Specific examples are presented to confirm the advantages of rigorous models based on the mechanism in comparison with descriptive experimental approaches.