Plasma bioscience for medicine, agriculture and hygiene applications

Nonthermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) sources operating in atmospheric pressure environments and their characteristics can be used for plasma bioscience, medicine, and hygiene applications, especially for COVID-19 and citizen. This review surveyed the various NBP sources, including a plasma jet, micro-DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) and nanosecond discharged plasma. The electron temperatures and the plasma densities, which are produced using dielectric barrier discharged electrode systems, can be characterized as 0.7 similar to 1.8 eV and (3-5) x 10(14-15) cm(-3), respectively. Herein, we introduce a general schematic view of the plasma ultraviolet photolysis of water molecules for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation inside biological cells or living tissues, which would be synergistically important with RONS diffusive propagation into cells or tissues. Of the RONS, the hydroxyl radical [OH] and hydrogen peroxide H2O2 species would mainly result in apoptotic cell death with other RONS in plasma bioscience and medicines. The diseased biological protein, cancer, and mutated cells could be treated by using a NBP or plasma activated water (PAW) resulting in their apoptosis for a new paradigm of plasma medicine.

Automated summary

This review explores different types of nonthermal biocompatible plasma sources and their characteristics. It introduces the electron temperatures and plasma densities produced by dielectric barrier discharged electrode systems. Additionally, the review presents a schematic view of plasma ultraviolet photolysis of water molecules for the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species inside biological cells or tissues, highlighting their synergistic propagation. The hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide species play a significant role in apoptotic cell death in plasma bioscience and medicine, making nonthermal biocompatible plasma and plasma activated water potential treatments for diseased biological proteins, cancer, and mutated cells, creating a new paradigm for plasma medicine.