Bioremediation of uranium from waste effluents using novel biosorbents: a review

Several treatments for the removal of toxic heavy metals like uranium from wastewater have been developed, but none of them are sufficiently effective. Biosorption is the most feasible, eco-friendly, cost-effective, reusable technique for uranium removal. The relationship between different influencing factors in biosorption, mechanisms, competency of different biosorbents utilized, and significance of biosorption over other conventional methods have been described elaborately. The use and potentiality of genetically engineered biosorbents, modified nanoparticles for efficient biosorption are also highlighted. Among given biosorbents, Chlorella salina, Laminaria japonica, Candida utilis, chemically modified Spirulina platensis, genetically modified Deinococcus radiodurans, and Brassica juncea showed maximum biosorption capacity considering the reaction parameters. Thus, different biosorbents shows different uranium uptake potentiality due to different pH level and ionic charges present in them. Recent trends of biosorption of uranium and their present and future impact in the field of innovative and advance technology are discussed.

Automated summary

This article provides a detailed description of biosorption as an effective technique for the removal of toxic heavy metals like uranium from wastewater. It emphasizes the relationship between different influencing factors, mechanisms, and the significance of biosorption over conventional methods. The potential use of genetically engineered biosorbents and modified nanoparticles is also highlighted. Various biosorbents showed different uranium uptake potentiality due to different pH levels and ionic charges. The article also discusses the recent trends and future impact of uranium biosorption in innovative and advanced technology.