Synthesis and electrochemical properties of spinel Li(Li0.05Cu0.05Mn1.90)O4 by a flameless combustion method

A (Li, Cu)-co-doped cathode material Li(Li0.05Cu0.05Mn1.90)O-4 was prepared by a flameless combustion synthesis at 500 degrees C for 3 h and then two-stage calcination at 700 degrees C for 6 h. Physical and electrochemical performances were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), galvanostatic chargeedischarge cycling test, cyclic voltam-mogram (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to investigate the influence of Li and Cu substitution on the lithium ion batteries. Li(Li0.05Cu0.05Mn1.90)O-4 not only exhibited the initial discharge capacity of 106.9 mAh g(-1) with a high retention of 89.2% after 500 cycles at 1.0 C but also retained 63.5% capacity after 1500 cycles at 5.0 C. Besides, a good rate capability at different current densities from 0.5 C to 5.0 C can be acquired. The (Li, Cu)-co-doped sample had excellent cycling stability in comparison with the LiMn2O4 cathode. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.