期刊
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
卷 247, 期 -, 页码 22-+出版社
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.05.018
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This study describes the neurological, radiological, and laboratory features of children with central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory diseases complicating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The study identified several CNS inflammatory diseases in children, such as encephalopathy, cerebellar ataxia, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or optic neuritis, following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can trigger CNS inflammatory diseases in children.
Objective To describe neurologic, radiologic and laboratory features in children with central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disease complicating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Study design We focused on CNS inflammatory diseases in children referred from 12 hospitals in the Paris area to Necker-Sick Children Reference Centre. Results We identified 19 children who had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and manifest a variety of CNS inflammatory diseases: encephalopathy, cerebellar ataxia, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or optic neuritis. All patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and all tested positive for circulating antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. At the onset of the neurologic disease, SARS-CoV-2 PCR results (nasopharyngeal swabs) were positive in 8 children. Cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal in 58% (11/19) and magnetic resonance imaging was abnormal in 74% (14/19). We identified an autoantibody co-trigger in 4 children (myelinoligodendrocyte and aquaporin 4 antibodies), representing 21 % of the cases. No autoantibody was found in the 6 children whose CNS inflammation was accompanied by a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Overall, 89% of patients (17/19) received anti-inflammatory treatment, primarily high-pulse methylprednisolone. All patients had a complete long-term recovery and, to date, no patient with autoantibodies presented with a relapse. Conclusions SARS2-CoV-2 represents a new trigger of postinfectious CNS inflammatory diseases in children.
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