Something in the Air: Hyperoxic Conditioning of the Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Immunotherapy

Recent clinical trials in cancer therapy have demonstrated unprecedented responses through blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 immune checkpoint pathways. In a provocative recent paper in Science Translational Medicine, Hatfield and colleagues demonstrate the ability of supplemental oxygen to act as a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor by disrupting the hypoxia-adenosine-A2aR pathway.