期刊
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
卷 40, 期 6, 页码 1664-1671出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2021.3118684
关键词
Optical polarization; Wavelength division multiplexing; Optical receivers; Optical coupling; Adaptive optics; Optical attenuators; Optical pumping; Mode dependent loss; multi-core fibers; optical fiber communication; space division multiplexing
资金
- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan [JPMI00316]
We demonstrated a successful long-haul WDM and SDM transmission of 32-Gbaud polarization-division multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying signals. Our experiment showed that the mode dependent loss (MDL) of the coupled-4-core EDFAs was a major limiting factor for transmission performance, and the rms MDL per span should be below 0.4 dB for further long-haul transmission distance over 6000 km.
We experimentally demonstrated a long-haul wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) and space-division multiplexed (SDM) transmission of 32-Gbaud polarization-division multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying signals over 52-km coupled-4-core fiber spans with amplification by coupled-4-core erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). Error-free performance after forward error correction was achieved up to 2700 km. From converged multi-input multi-output filter coefficients, we estimated the mode dependent loss (MDL) that occurred in this experiment. The MDL was frequency-dependent within a WDM channel and the root-mean square MDL was 1.0 dB per loop. To assess the effect of MDL on SDM transmission performance, we also estimated the outage probability through Monte-Carlo simulations with a Gaussian noise model. The estimated outage probability under MDL showed similar performance to that obtained in the transmission experiment. This suggests that the MDL of coupled-multi-core EDFAs was one of the major limiting factors of the transmission performance and that the rms MDL per span should be below 0.4 dB for further long-haul transmission distance over 6000 km.
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