Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron

Alison Tarke et al.

Summary: T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants, while memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies show significant decreases. The majority of memory T cell responses are preserved against variants, with lower recognition of Omicron by memory B cells.

CELL (2022)

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Editorial Material Immunology

T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 proteins are substantially conserved in the Omicron variant

Seong Jin Choi et al.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association Between 3 Doses of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine and Symptomatic Infection Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta Variants

Emma K. Accorsi et al.

Summary: Assessing the performance of COVID-19 vaccines against the Omicron variant is crucial for public health guidance. This study found that receiving three doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a lower likelihood of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to being unvaccinated or receiving two doses. These findings suggest that three doses of mRNA vaccine provide protection against both Omicron and Delta variants, though the protection against Omicron may be slightly lower.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Reduced neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 omicron B.1.1.529 variant by post-immunisation serum

Wanwisa Dejnirattisai et al.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Broadly neutralizing antibodies overcome SARS-CoV-2 Omicron antigenic shift

Elisabetta Cameroni et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns due to its 37 amino acid substitutions in the spike protein, particularly in the receptor-binding domain (RBD), leading to increased binding affinity with human ACE2. Neutralizing activity against Omicron was greatly reduced in convalescent and vaccinated individuals compared to the ancestral virus, but this decrease was less significant after a third vaccine dose. Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognizing conserved RBD epitopes may be crucial in combating the Omicron variant and future zoonotic transmissions.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

mRNA booster immunization elicits potent neutralizing serum activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Henning Gruell et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is greatly reduced in individuals who received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine or have recovered from the disease, but is significantly increased after a booster vaccine dose.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ancestral SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells cross-recognize the Omicron variant

Yu Gao et al.

Summary: This study found that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells induced by prior infection or BNT162b2 vaccination provide extensive immune coverage against the Omicron variant. Additionally, T cells induced by BNT162b2 vaccination exhibit higher cross-reactivity to the Omicron variant compared to T cells induced by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effectiveness of COVID-19 booster vaccines against COVID-19-related symptoms, hospitalization and death in England

Nick Andrews et al.

Summary: This study examined the relative and absolute effectiveness of mRNA booster vaccination against COVID-19. The results showed that the booster dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 had a relative effectiveness ranging from 85% to 95% against symptomatic disease, and an absolute effectiveness ranging from 94% to 97%. For hospitalization or death, the absolute effectiveness of the BNT162b2 booster ranged from 97% to 99% in all age groups. The study provides real-world evidence of significantly increased protection from the booster vaccine dose against mild and severe disease.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Neutralization in Serum from Vaccinated and Convalescent Persons

Annika Roessler et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effectiveness of a Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance — VISION Network, 10 States, August 2021–January 2022

Mark G. Thompson et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial

Alasdair P S Munro et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Correlates of protection against symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Shuo Feng et al.

Summary: Defined levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies elicited by the COVID-19 vaccine were identified as correlates of protection against symptomatic infection. Higher levels of immune markers were correlated with a reduced risk of symptomatic infection. The data can be used to extrapolate efficacy estimates to new populations.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial

Xinxue Liu et al.

Summary: Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine schedules could facilitate mass immunisation, with ChAd/BNT showing non-inferior immunogenicity compared to ChAd/ChAd, but BNT/ChAd did not demonstrate non-inferiority to BNT/BNT. The results support flexibility in using heterologous prime-boost vaccination with ChAd and BNT COVID-19 vaccines.

LANCET (2021)

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Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial

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