4.7 Article

Extracellular vesicles as an alternative copper-secretion mechanism in bacteria

期刊

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 431, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128594

关键词

Metal homeostasis; Copper detoxification mechanisms; Copper secretion; Cyanobacteria; Bacterial extracellular vesicles

资金

  1. i3S Scientific Platform CCGen - Cell Culture and Genotyping
  2. i3S Scientific Platform Histology and Electron Microscopy
  3. i3S Scientific Platform Advanced Light Microscopy
  4. Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) funds through the COMPETE 2020 Operacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Portugal 2020
  5. Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/Ministerio da Ciencia Tecnologia e Ensino Superior [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029540 (PTDC/BIA-OUT/29540/2017)]
  6. Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/130478/2017]
  7. FCT [IF/00256/2015]
  8. EPSRC [EP/E036252/1]
  9. BBSRC [BB/M012166/1]
  10. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades [PGC2018-098073-A-I00]
  11. [PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122]
  12. [CEECIND/00259/2017]
  13. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/130478/2017] Funding Source: FCT

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Metal homeostasis is crucial for cell metabolism. Bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a response to high copper concentrations to transport copper, along with activating detoxification systems.
Metal homeostasis is fundamental for optimal performance of cell metabolic pathways. Over the course of evolution, several systems emerged to warrant an intracellular metal equilibrium. When exposed to growthchallenging copper concentrations, Gram-negative bacteria quickly activate copper-detoxification mechanisms, dependent on transmembrane-protein complexes and metallochaperones that mediate metal efflux. Here, we show that vesiculation is also a common bacterial response mechanism to high copper concentrations, and that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in transporting copper. We present evidence that bacteria from different ecological niches release copious amounts of EVs when exposed to copper. Along with the activation of the classical detoxification systems, we demonstrate that copper-stressed cells of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 release EVs loaded with the copper-binding metallochaperone CopM. Under standard growth conditions, CopM-loaded EVs could also be isolated from a Synechocystis strain lacking a functional TolC-protein, which we characterize here as exhibiting a copper-sensitive phenotype. Analyses of Synechocystis tolC-mutant's EVs isolated from cells cultivated under standard conditions indicated the presence of copper therein, in significantly higher levels as compared to those from the wild-type. Altogether, these results suggest that release of EVs in bacteria represent a novel copper-secretion mechanism, shedding light into alternative mechanisms of bacterial metal resistance.

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