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Circulating tumor cells: A step toward precision medicine in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Summary: This study introduces a novel approach of using liquid biopsy to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by translating tissue-based gene signatures into a noninvasive setting. The developed scoring system successfully identified a panel of prognostic genes highly expressed in HCC and accurately distinguished different types of aggressive HCC cells in blood samples. The circulating tumor cell (CTC) based transcriptomic profiling assay shows potential for real-time disease profiling and dynamic prognostication of HCC.

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Summary: The research successfully isolated CTCs using density gradient centrifugation and CD45 antibody magnetic separation, forming CTC spheroids through 3D culture, which can predict short-term recurrence in HCC patients. EpCAM plays a crucial role in the formation and survival of CTC spheroids, dependent on the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.

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Victor Amado et al.

Summary: Liver transplantation and surgical resection are potential curative options for patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, but tumor recurrence remains a frequent issue. This study aimed to assess the role of circulating tumor cells in HCC patients undergoing surgery and their association with other markers of poor prognosis. Results suggest that incomplete clearance of circulating tumor cells post-surgery may serve as a surrogate marker of HCC aggressiveness.

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Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of purifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with improved molecular integrity using Click Chips and a multimarker antibody cocktail. The purified CTCs are then analyzed for messenger RNA profiling targeting 64 HCC-specific genes, showing high concordance with HCC tissue-derived gene signatures. This suggests that HCC CTCs purified by Click Chips can facilitate the translation of HCC tissue molecular profiling into a noninvasive setting.

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Yongrong Lei et al.

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Colin M. Court et al.

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