期刊
ISME JOURNAL
卷 16, 期 8, 页码 2015-2026出版社
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01248-1
关键词
-
资金
- Lee Foundation Grant
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
This study reports the enhanced biofilm biomass resulting from the combination of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, which is dependent on the activation of E. faecalis aerobic respiration. S. aureus provides heme to activate E. faecalis respiration, and E. faecalis gelatinase activity facilitates heme extraction. This interspecies interaction and metabolic cross-feeding may explain the frequent co-occurrence of these microbes in biofilm-associated infections.
The contribution of biofilms to virulence and as a barrier to treatment is well-established for Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, both nosocomial pathogens frequently isolated from biofilm-associated infections. Despite frequent co-isolation, their interactions in biofilms have not been well-characterized. We report that in combination, these two species can give rise to augmented biofilms biomass that is dependent on the activation of E. faecalis aerobic respiration. In E. faecalis, respiration requires both exogenous heme to activate the cydAB-encoded heme-dependent cytochrome bd, and the availability of O-2. We determined that the ABC transporter encoded by cydDC contributes to heme import. In dual species biofilms, S. aureus provides the heme to activate E. faecalis respiration. S. aureus mutants deficient in heme biosynthesis were unable to augment biofilms whereas heme alone is sufficient to augment E. faecalis mono-species biofilms. Our results demonstrate that S. aureus-derived heme, likely in the form of released hemoproteins, promotes E. faecalis biofilm formation, and that E. faecalis gelatinase activity facilitates heme extraction from hemoproteins. This interspecies interaction and metabolic cross-feeding may explain the frequent co-occurrence of these microbes in biofilm-associated infections.
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