Mixed bioconvection stagnation point flow towards a vertical plate in alumina-copper/water

Purpose According to the previous research, bioconvection has been recognized as an important mechanism in current engineering and environmental systems. For example, researchers exploit this mechanism in modern green bioengineering to develop environmentally friendly fuels, fuel cells and photosynthetic microorganisms. This study aims to analyse how this type of convection affects the flow behaviour and heat transfer performance of mixed convection stagnation point flow in alumina-copper/water hybrid nanofluid. Also, the impact of a modified magnetic field on the boundary layer flow is considered. Design/methodology/approach By applying appropriate transformations, the multivariable differential equations are transformed into a specific sort of ordinary differential equations. Using the bvp4c procedure, the adjusted mathematical model is revealed. Once sufficient assumptions are provided, multiple solutions are able to be produced. Findings The skin friction coefficient is declined when the nanoparticle concentration is increased in the opposing flow. In contrast, the inclusion of aligned angles displays an upward trend in heat transfer performance. The presence of several solutions is established, which simply leads to a stability analysis, hence verifies the viability of the initial solution. Originality/value The current findings are unique and novel for the investigation of mixed bioconvection flow towards a vertical flat plate in a base fluid with the presence of hybrid nanoparticles.

Automated summary

According to previous research, bioconvection has been recognized as an important mechanism in current engineering and environmental systems. This study aims to analyze the effects of this type of convection on the flow behavior and heat transfer performance in a hybrid nanofluid with alumina-copper/water. The study also considers the impact of a modified magnetic field on boundary layer flow. By transforming the multivariable differential equations into ordinary differential equations and using the bvp4c procedure, multiple solutions are obtained. The findings show that increasing nanoparticle concentration leads to a decrease in skin friction coefficient, while the inclusion of aligned angles results in an upward trend in heat transfer performance.