Epigenetics of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas

Epigenetic modifications rarely occur in isolation (as single epigenetic modifications). They usually appear together and form a network to control the epigenetic system. Cutaneous malignancies are usually affected by epigenetic changes. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the epigenetic changes associated with cutaneous lymphomas. In this review, we focused on cutaneous T-cell lymphomas such as mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. With regard to epigenetic changes, we summarize the detailed chemical modifications categorized into DNA methylation and histone acetylation and methylation. We also summarize the epigenetic modifications and characteristics of the drug for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Furthermore, we discuss current research on epigenetic-targeted therapy against cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Although the current method of treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors does not exhibit sufficient therapeutic benefits in all cases of CTCL, epigenetic-targeted combination therapy might overcome this limitation for patients with CTCL.

Automated summary

Epigenetic modifications rarely occur alone, but rather form a network to control the epigenetic system. Limited knowledge exists about the epigenetic changes associated with cutaneous lymphomas. This review focuses on cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, summarizing the chemical modifications of DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and methylation. Current research on epigenetic-targeted therapy against cutaneous T-cell lymphomas is discussed.