Dietary patterns and diabetes risk in Southern Chinese in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region

Background The association between dietary patterns (DPs) and diabetes risk remains inconsistent in terms of intake and frequency. Objectives To explore the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and diabetes risk. Methodology We recruited 13,587 volunteers from a cohort study in Guangxi. Principal component analysis was used to define DPs, and logistic regression was used to explore the associations. Results In both model 1 (grouped by history of diabetes) and model 2 (grouped by current Glu), frequencies of dessert intake and fruit intake are significantly different between people with and without diabetes risk (all p<0.01). Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses all show that a limited frequency of dessert intake (less than 3-4 times per week) significantly reduced diabetes risk before or after adjustment in both model 1 and model 2, and a more frequency of fruit intake (more than 3-4 times per week) significantly decreased diabetes risk in model 1. After sub-analysis by age and sex, the associations between diabetes risk and frequency of dessert intake and fruit intake still exist. Conclusion The DPs of Southern Chinese in Guangxi were related to food abundance and frequency of intake. Habitual fruit intake and moderate frequencies of sweets were associated with decreased diabetes risk.

Automated summary

This study explores the association between dietary patterns and diabetes risk. The results suggest that a limited frequency of dessert intake and a higher frequency of fruit intake are associated with reduced diabetes risk.