Albumin stabilized Pt nanoparticles as radiosensitizer for sensitization of breast cancer cells under X-ray radiation therapy

The purpose of this study is to synthesize and assess the platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA), Pt@BSA NPs, as a potential radiosensitizer that may be used in radiotherapy to improve the efficiency of X-ray therapy. Pt NPs with a high atomic number have the potential to be a competitive alternative to gold nanoparticles in radiotherapy. Besides, BSA not only exhibited a stabilizing effect, but it also served as a safe cradle for platinum nanoparticles that were escaping from the reticuloendothelial system during blood circulation. Furthermore, physical and chemical properties of Pt@BSA NPs also characterized by TEM, UV-Vis, FTIR, SEM and DLS. Then, the biocompatibility of Pt@BSA NPs was investigated using hemolysis test. Finally, the prepared NPs at different concentrations were adjacent to 4 T1 cells and its efficacy in the presence and absence of X-rays was studied. NPs show average diameter of 6.64 +/- 1.3 nm in TEM image and 29.4 nm hydrodynamic size which achieved from DLS result. Moreover, the NPs show negative surface charge, -29.3 mv. Breast cancer cells experience greater toxicity in the simultaneous presence of nanoparticles and X-rays.

Automated summary

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of platinum nanoparticles coated with bovine serum albumin (Pt@BSA NPs) as a radiosensitizer in radiotherapy. The results showed that Pt@BSA NPs had good stability and biocompatibility, and exhibited enhanced toxicity towards breast cancer cells in the presence of X-rays.