期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
卷 70, 期 3, 页码 1474-1489出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3124226
关键词
Complexity theory; Estimation; Antenna arrays; Antenna measurements; Predistortion; Mobile handsets; Bandwidth; Array transmitters; autocorrelation function; Bussgang theorem; closed-loop systems; covariance matrix (CM); digital predistortion; Gauss-Newton (GN); parameter learning; power amplifier (PA); self-orthogonalization
资金
- Academy of Finland [301820, 319994, 323461, 332361, 338224]
This article examines closed-loop digital predistortion (DPD) systems and their associated learning algorithms, proposing low-complexity approaches to estimate and manipulate the inverse of the input data covariance matrix. Results show that the complexity of the DPD system can be significantly reduced with the proposed solutions, while maintaining good linearization performance.
In this article, we study closed-loop digital predistortion (DPD) systems and associated learning algorithms. Specifically, we propose various low-complexity approaches to estimate and manipulate the inverse of the input data covariance matrix (CM) and combine them with the so-called self-orthogonalized (SO) learning rule. The inherent simplicity of the SO algorithm, combined with the proposed solutions, allows for remarkably reduced complexity in the DPD system while maintaining similar linearization performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods. This is demonstrated with thorough over-the-air (OTA) mmW measurement results at 28 GHz, incorporating a state-of-the-art 64-element active antenna array, and very wide channel bandwidths up to 800 MHz. In addition, complexity analyses are carried out, which together with the measured linearization performance demonstrates favorable performance-complexity tradeoffs in linearizing mmW active array transmitters through the proposed solutions. The techniques can find application in systems where the power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities are time-varying and thus frequent or even constant updating of the DPD is required, good examples being mmW adaptive antenna arrays as well as terminal transmitters in 5G and beyond networks.
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