An Optimal Battery Charging Algorithm in Electric Vehicle-Assisted Battery Swapping Environments

In battery swapping environments, electric vehicles (EVs) can play roles as battery providers as well as consumers. In this paper, we propose an optimal battery charging algorithm (OBCA) where a battery swapping station (BSS) charges batteries in its storage with the consideration of the profile of the electricity price and the arrival rates of EVs. To maximize the net profit of BSS while maintaining the battery changing probability above a certain level (i.e., maintaining high quality of service (QoS) of BSS), we formulate a constraint Markov decision process (CMDP) problem and the optimal charging schedule for batteries in BSS is obtained by a linear programming (LP). Evaluation results demonstrate that OBCA with the optimal policy can improve the net profit of BSS up to 418% compared to an electric price-aware scheme while maintaining high QoS of BSS.

Automated summary

In this paper, an optimal battery charging algorithm is proposed for battery swapping stations to maximize net profit while maintaining high quality of service. The algorithm considers electricity price profiles and EV arrival rates to determine the optimal charging schedule. Evaluation results show a significant increase in net profit compared to price-aware schemes.