A Remedial Action Scheme Against False Data Injection Cyberattacks in Smart Transmission Systems: Application of Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)

This article proposes a remedial action scheme (RAS) based on thyristor-controlled series capacitors (TCSCs) to cope with false data injection (FDI) cyberattacks leading to tie-line congestions in transmission systems. To develop such a RAS, a three-level framework is designed. The first level of the framework is associated with the planning phase, where strategic locations of TCSCs are determined. The second level, which is related to the operation phase, challenges the upgraded system via FDI attacks, resulting in tie-line congestions. This necessitates the third level of the framework, where system operator takes advantage of a RAS based on the preinstalled TCSCs to rapidly alleviate the congestions caused by FDIs. The effectiveness of the developed framework is verified on two IEEE test systems, where it is assumed that a higher budget is spent on securing remote terminal units of TCSCs; hence, phasor measurement units are more prone to cyberattacks.

Automated summary

This article proposes a remedial action scheme (RAS) based on thyristor-controlled series capacitors (TCSCs) to address tie-line congestions caused by false data injection (FDI) cyberattacks in transmission systems. A three-level framework is designed to develop the RAS, incorporating strategic planning, operation challenges, and rapid congestion alleviation using preinstalled TCSCs. The effectiveness of the framework is verified on two IEEE test systems.