Coffee constituents with antiadipogenic and antidiabetic potentials: A narrative review

Coffee consumption has been associated with the reduction of several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The aim of this review was to summarize the research conducted in the last five years (or older, when appropriate) on the relationship between the consumption of coffee bioactive compounds, obesity, and T2DM. A bibliographic search was performed using the Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Keywords used were caffeine, coffee, coffee consumption, coffee extraction, coffee bioactive components, chlorogenic acid, obesity, antidiabetic, and antiadipogenic. Epidemiological, clinical, animal, and cell culture studies were reviewed. Caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and diterpenes have been identified as potential bioactive compounds in coffee that exhibit antiadipogenic and antidiabetic effects. The concentration of these compounds in coffee depends on the coffee preparation method. The relationship between coffee consumption and obesity risk is inconsistent, as not all results report a positive association. The addition of sugar and cream may be responsible for these mixed results. The consumption of coffee and its constituents is consistently associated with a lower T2DM risk. Caffeine, chlorogenic acids, and diterpenes have antidiabetic properties and are associated with these effects. The available data do not allow us to draw a conclusion on the effect of coffee or its constituents on adipogenesis. Therefore, more tightly controlled human intervention studies are required for a deeper understanding about this relationship.

Automated summary

Coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Coffee contains bioactive compounds such as caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and diterpenes, which exhibit antiadipogenic and antidiabetic effects. However, the relationship between coffee consumption and obesity risk is inconsistent, and the addition of sugar and cream may influence the results. Nonetheless, the consumption of coffee and its constituents consistently lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further human intervention studies are needed to understand the effect of coffee on adipogenesis.