期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 56, 期 12, 页码 9015-9028出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00010
关键词
ocean acidification; diel pH variability; amplitude; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea lurida; shell dissolution; predictability; physiological responses; artificial intelligence automated analyses
资金
- Paul G. Allen Family Foundation
- Slovene Research Agency (ARRS Biomarkers of subcellular stress in the Northern Adriatic under global environmental change) [J12468]
- Slovenian Research Agency (bilateral project Slovenia-United States of America) [BI-US/18-20-081]
This study investigated the physiological and biomineralogical responses of introduced and native oysters to pH variability. The results showed that shell dissolution increased with larger amplitudes of pH variability and was significantly higher under high-frequency fluctuations. Time series analysis demonstrated unique characteristics of pH predictability and variability in coastal estuarine habitats, which are crucial for evaluating their suitability and implementing adaptation and carbon dioxide removal strategies.
Coastal-estuarine habitats are rapidly changing due to global climate change, with impacts influenced by the variability of carbonate chemistry conditions. However, our understanding of the responses of ecologically and economically important calcifiers to pH variability and temporal variation is limited, particularly with respect to shell-building processes. We investigated the mechanisms driving biomineralogical and physiological responses in juveniles of introduced (Pacific; Crassostrea gigas) and native (Olympia; Ostrea lurida) oysters under flow-through experimental conditions over a six-week period that simulate current and future conditions: static control and low pH (8.0 and 7.7); low pH with fluctuating (24-h) amplitude (7.7 +/- 0.2 and 7.7 +/- 0.5); and high-frequency (12-h) fluctuating (8.0 +/- 0.2) treatment. The oysters showed physiological tolerance in vital processes, including calcification, respiration, clearance, and survival. However, shell dissolution significantly increased with larger amplitudes of pH variability compared to static pH conditions, attributable to the longer cumulative exposure to lower pH conditions, with the dissolution threshold of pH 7.7 with 0.2 amplitude. Moreover, the high-frequency treatment triggered significantly greater dissolution, likely because of the oyster's inability to respond to the unpredictable frequency of variations. The experimental findings were extrapolated to provide context for conditions existing in several Pacific coastal estuaries, with time series analyses demonstrating unique signatures of pH predictability and variability in these habitats, indicating potentially benefiting effects on fitness in these habitats. These implications are crucial for evaluating the suitability of coastal habitats for aquaculture, adaptation, and carbon dioxide removal strategies.
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