期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
卷 212, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113540
关键词
De-fluoridation; Adsorption; Modified-biochar; Impregnation; Green adsorbent
资金
- International Research Support Initiative Program of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan [1-8/HEC/HRD/2022/11,965]
- University Research Fund (URF) of Quaid-i-Azam University
The study demonstrates the potential of engineered biochar derived from pinecone, impregnated with iron and aluminum salts, to effectively remove fluoride ions from water. The AlCl3-modified biochar exhibits enhanced adsorption capacity and can remove fluoride ions even in the presence of competing ions.
Drinking fluoride (F -)-contaminated water (> 1.5 mg L-1) causes severe dental and skeletal disorders. In the central province of Pakistan, ~20 times higher levels of F- in the drinking groundwater (compared with the 1.5 mg L-1 permissible limit of the World Health Organization) are triggering bone abnormalities in teenagers. In this study, we demonstrated the potential of pinecone-derived biochar (pristine) impregnated with Fe-and Al salts (engineered) to defluoridate water. Batch mode adsorption experiments were carried out under variable conditions of solution pH, F- initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time. The engineered biochars resulted in greater adsorption than that of pristine biochar. Specifically, the AlCl3-modified biochar exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.07 mg g(-1) in spiked water and 13.07 mg g(-1) in in-situ groundwater. The equilibrium isothermal and kinetic models predicted monolayer, cooperative, and chemisorption types of the adsorption process. The chemical interaction and outer-sphere complexation of F- with Al, Na, and H elements were further confirmed by the post-adsorption analysis of the AlCl3-modified biochar by FTIR and XRD. The AlCl3-modified biochar resulted in 87.13% removal of F- from the in-situ F --contaminated groundwater, even in the presence of naturally occurring competing ions (such as Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, and NO3-). We conclude that the AlCl3-modified biochar derived from pinecone could be a promising cost-effective adsorbent for the defluoridation of water.
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