期刊
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
卷 163, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107173
关键词
Microplastic; Nanoplastic; Particle toxicity; Plastics; Plastic pollution
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB1039/B03]
- Research Council of Norway [223255/F50]
Exposure to nanoplastics can induce inflammatory responses in human immune cells, with specific polymers and particle shapes having significant effects.
So far, the human health impacts of nano-and microplastics are poorly understood. Thus, we investigated whether nanoplastics exposure induces inflammatory processes in primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. We exposed these cells in vitro to nanoplastics of different shapes (irregular vs. spherical), sizes (50-310 nm and polydisperse mixtures) and polymer types (polystyrene; polymethyl methacrylate; polyvinyl chloride, PVC) using concentrations of 30-300 particles cell(-1). Our results show that irregular PVC particles induce the strongest cytokine release of these nanoplastics. Irregular polystyrene triggered a significantly higher pro-inflammatory response compared to spherical nanoplastics. The contribution of chemicals leaching from the particles was minor. The effects were concentration-dependent but varied markedly between cell donors. We conclude that nanoplastics exposure can provoke human immune cells to secrete cytokines as key initiators of inflammation. This response is specific to certain polymers (PVC) and particle shapes (fragments). Accordingly, nanoplastics cannot be considered one homogenous entity when assessing their health implications and the use of spherical polystyrene nanoplastics may underestimate their inflammatory effects.
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