4.7 Article

Population changes of Daphnia caused by declined calcium concentration: Evidences from population dynamics and sexual reproduction

期刊

出版社

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113352

关键词

Calcium; Daphnia pulex; Population; Sexual reproduction; Ephippia

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31730105]
  2. Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

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The decline in freshwater calcium has a negative impact on the population and sexual reproduction of Daphnia, which may endanger the persistence of species and genes.
The decline in freshwater calcium has become a new environmental stressor to Daphnia with high calcium demand, however, the population dynamics and sexual reproduction of Daphnia under low calcium stress are still lack of deep understanding. To evaluate the impact of declined calcium on Daphnia from population level, we respectively exposed two clones of Daphnia pulex (CH and SH) to different calcium concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0 mg L-1) for 30 days and recorded the population indicators. Results showed that total biomass, average dry weight per individual, total number of ephippia, total number of resting eggs of Daphnia pulex CH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 75.5%, 34.0%, 83.6%, and 77.6% compared with those at 25 mg L-1 calcium, while SH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 64.6%, 26.1%, 94.5%, and 82.2%, respectively. Importantly, Ca content in dry Daphnia pulex population of CH clone at 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 32.7% and 6.7% compared to those at 25 mg L-1 calcium, and SH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 and 1.5 mg L-1 calcium also decreased by 30.9% and 10.5%, respectively. Furthermore, low calcium significantly decreased the perimeter and surface area of ephippia. Interestingly, observation by scanning electron microscope found that low calcium changed the surface of ephippia. The negative impact of calcium decline on Daphnia population and sexual reproduction will inevitably endanger the persistence of species and genes at meta population level.

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