Needs and wishes for the future lower limb exoskeleton: an interview study among people with spinal cord injury with community-based exoskeleton experience

Purpose Exoskeleton use by people with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) in daily life is challenging. To optimize daily exoskeleton use, a better understanding of the purpose of use and the accompanying improvements are needed. The perspective of experienced exoskeleton users could guide design improvements. Methods Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were held with 13 people with SCI with exoskeleton experience. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analysed thematically. Results Participants expressed three future purposes of exoskeleton use: for daily activities (e.g., stair climbing), exercise (e.g., staying healthy), and social interaction (e.g., standing at parties). Exoskeleton use during daily activities was the ultimate goal. Therefore, the future exoskeleton should be: easy to use, small and lightweight, tailor made, safe, comfortable, less distinctive, durable, and affordable. Improving the ease of use was relevant for all purposes, for all participants. The other suggestions for improvement varied depending on the purpose of use and the participant. Conclusion Increasingly more advanced improvements are needed to transition from an exercise purpose to social interaction, and ultimately use during daily activities. In the current study, detailed suggestions for improvements have been made. Only when multiple of these suggestions are adjusted, can the exoskeleton be used to its full potential.

Automated summary

This study conducted face-to-face interviews with SCI patients who have experience with exoskeleton use to understand their perspectives on the purpose of use and provide suggestions for improvement. Participants identified three future purposes of exoskeleton use: daily activities, exercise, and social interaction. The future exoskeleton should be easy to use, lightweight, safe, comfortable, and affordable. The study suggests that multiple adjustments are necessary to fully utilize the potential of exoskeletons.