期刊
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
卷 67, 期 5, 页码 1613-1623出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07424-9
关键词
Gallstones; Endoscopic retrograde cholangioscopy (ERC); Lithotripsy
This article explores the characteristics of difficult common bile duct stones and provides an algorithmic approach for their treatment. It also describes additional clinical circumstances and management strategies to aid in the extraction of biliary stones.
Over 30% of all endoscopic retrograde cholangiography procedures in the US are associated with biliary stone extraction, and over 10-15% of these cases are noted to be complex or difficult. The aim of this review is to define the characteristics of difficult common bile duct stones and provide an algorithmic therapeutic approach to these difficult cases. We describe additional special clinical circumstances in which difficult biliary stones are identified and provide additional management strategies to aid endoscopic stone extraction efforts.
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