期刊
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
卷 21, 期 2, 页码 309-339出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1570159X20666220411083922
关键词
Dementia; cognitive disorders; neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; schizophrenia
Memory, cognition, dementia, and neurodegeneration are complexly interlinked processes with various mechanistic pathways, which are associated with pathological conditions and require timely diagnosis and management. Different interventions, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches, have been critically analyzed to target molecular pathways and improve cognitive function. However, the understanding of pathological mechanisms in neurological conditions is still lacking, leading to the dropouts of agents in clinical trials. A better understanding of disease biology and mechanisms at a molecular level is essential.
Memory, cognition, dementia, and neurodegeneration are complexly interlinked processes with various mechanistic pathways, leading to a range of clinical outcomes. They are strongly associated with pathological conditions like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and stroke and are a growing concern for their timely diagnosis and management. Several cognition-enhancing interventions for management include non-pharmacological interventions like diet, exercise, and physical activity, while pharmacological interventions include medicinal agents, herbal agents, and nutritional supplements. This review critically analyzed and discussed the currently available agents under different drug development phases designed to target the molecular targets, including cholinergic receptor, glutamatergic system, GABAergic targets, glycine site, serotonergic targets, histamine receptors, etc. Understanding memory formation and pathways involved therein aids in opening the new gateways to treating cognitive disorders. However, clinical studies suggest that there is still a dearth of knowledge about the pathological mechanism involved in neurological conditions, making the dropouts of agents from the initial phases of the clinical trial. Hence, a better understanding of the disease biology, mode of drug action, and interlinked mechanistic pathways at a molecular level is required.
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