The Emerging Role of LncRNA FENDRR in Multiple Cancers: A Review

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prominent as crucial regulators of tumor establishment and are repeatedly dysregulated in multiple cancers. Therefore, lncRNAs have been identified to play an essential function in carcinogenesis and progression of cancer at genetic and epigenetic levels. FENDRR (fetal-lethal noncoding developmental regulatory RNA) as a LncRNA is a hallmark of various malignancies. FENDRR is crucial for multiple organs' development, such as the lung and heart. The effects of FENDRR under signaling pathways in different cancers have been identified. In addition, it has been verified that FENDRR can affect the development and progression of various cancers. In addition, FENDRR expression has been associated with epigenetic regulation of target genes participating in tumor immunity. Furthermore, FENDRR downregulation was observed in various types of cancers, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, liver cancer, gallbladder cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, osteosarcoma, and cutaneous malignant melanoma cells. Here, we review the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of FENDRR in several cancers, and we will discuss its potential as a cancer biomarker and as a probable option for cancer treatment.

Automated summary

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as vital regulators of tumor establishment and are frequently dysregulated in various cancers. FENDRR (fetal-lethal noncoding developmental regulatory RNA) serves as a key lncRNA in multiple malignancies, playing a crucial role in organ development and influencing signaling pathways in different cancers. Moreover, FENDRR has been found to modulate the development and progression of several cancers, as well as epigenetic regulation of target genes involved in tumor immunity. This review highlights the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of FENDRR in different cancers, emphasizing its potential as a cancer biomarker and a potential therapeutic target.