期刊
CONTACT DERMATITIS
卷 87, 期 1, 页码 62-70出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cod.14085
关键词
allergic contact dermatitis; antiseptic; benzalkonium chloride; benzyl alcohol; children; chlorhexidine digluconate
This study retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by chlorhexidine digluconate/benzalkonium chloride/benzyl alcohol (CBB), and found that CBB can cause ACD in all age groups. The study showed that the sensitization profile to CBB differs between adults and children.
Background An aqueous antiseptic containing chlorhexidine digluconate/benzalkonium chloride/benzyl alcohol (CBB) is widely used in France. The only previous documented study dealing with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to this antiseptic is one small case series in children. The French Vigilance Network for Dermatology and Allergy (REVIDAL-GERDA) has collected many cases in the last few years. Objectives To evaluate the clinical and sensitization profiles of patients diagnosed with ACD to CBB. Methods We performed a retrospective study of patients with contact dermatitis to CBB and positive tests to CBB and/or at least one of its components. All patients had to be tested with all components of CBB. Results A total of 102 patients (71 adults and 31 children) were included. The lesions were extensive in 63% of patients and 55% had delayed time to diagnosis. CBB patch tests were positive in 93.8% of cases. The allergen was identified in 97% of patients, mainly benzyl alcohol in adults (81.7%) and chlorhexidine digluconate in children (54.8%). About 32.4% of the patients were sensitized to several components. Conclusion CBB is a cause of ACD at all ages. The components of the antiseptic should be tested. The sensitization profile seems to be different between adults and children.
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