☆ 4.4 Editorial Material

Report from an NCI Roundtable: Cancer Prevention in Primary Care

CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Oncology

Assessment of and Interventions for Women at High Risk for Breast or Ovarian Cancer: A Survey of Primary Care Physicians

Goli Samimi et al.

Summary: Primary care physicians (PCPs) play an important role in cancer prevention, but there is variability in their use and attitudes towards breast and ovarian cancer risk assessment and prevention interventions. A survey of PCPs in the United States showed that some were less familiar or cautious, leading to differences in prescribing behaviors. Improving the implementation of cancer risk assessment and clinical management guidelines within primary care may be necessary to address this variability and improve appropriate prescribing of cancer prevention interventions.

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Review Oncology

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Alan Yung et al.

Summary: The study found that there are relatively few studies looking at the use of computer-based decision tools in oncology consultations, with only 10 articles meeting the selection criteria, primarily conducted in the United States. These tools can improve communication and information-sharing between physicians and patients, but physicians did not change their habits to take advantage of these tools or the information they provide. Additionally, on average, the use of these tools added approximately 5 minutes to the total length of consultations.

JMIR CANCER (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Design and rationale of an intervention to improve cancer prevention using clinical decision support and shared decision making: A clinic-randomized trial

Thomas E. Elliott et al.

Summary: This study aims to improve the delivery of primary and secondary cancer prevention services through CPW-CDS and CPW-CDS plus SDMTs, assess the cost, and describe critical facilitators and barriers. The trial and analyses are ongoing with results expected in 2021.

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Editorial Material Oncology

Establishing a Primary Care Alliance for Conducting Cancer Prevention Clinical Research at Community Sites COMMENT

Bernard W. Parker et al.

Summary: The National Cancer Institute convened the first PARTNRS Workshop in September 2020 to promote partnerships between healthcare professionals for better patient accrual into cancer prevention trials. Strategies were suggested to address challenges in trial development, with a focus on integrating trials into community settings to attract diverse patients. Efforts to involve primary care professionals and provide incentives, along with creating lists of Prevention Research Champions, were recommended to advance prevention research practices. Patient advocates and community health providers were also identified as key in convincing patients to participate in trials and promoting shared decision-making.

CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH (2021)

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Role of metformin and other metabolic drugs in the prevention and therapy of endocrine-related cancers

Antonio J. Leon-Gonzalez et al.

Summary: Metabolic syndrome is linked with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review provides a summary of the current evidence on the potential antitumor effects of certain drugs used in managing metabolic-related pathologies in endocrine-related cancers. While metformin appears to be a promising chemopreventive and adjuvant agent in cancer management, further studies are required to confirm the clinical relevance of these drugs in cancer chemotherapy.

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Shared Decision-Making for Lung Cancer Screening

Shawn P. E. Nishi et al.

Summary: Among patients recently assessed for LCS, the quality of decision-making is highly variable, with patients valuing early cancer detection over concerns about harms. Patients were more likely to receive information on the benefits of LCS than on the risks, and one-third experienced some degree of decisional conflict. However, most patients felt they were adequately involved in the screening decision-making process.

CHEST (2021)

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Artificial Intelligence Techniques That May Be Applied to Primary Care Data to Facilitate Earlier Diagnosis of Cancer: Systematic Review

Owain T. Jones et al.

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Article Oncology

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Glen B. Taksler et al.

Summary: This study suggests that women who do not comply with cancer screening guidelines may be able to reduce screening intensity with minimal reduction in overall benefits, by carefully selecting the screening strategies.

JAMA ONCOLOGY (2021)

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The impact of personalized clinical decision support on primary care patients' views of cancer prevention and screening: a cross-sectional survey

Daniel M. Saman et al.

Summary: This study surveyed primary care patients' perceptions on cancer screening or prevention and found that most patients discussed cancer prevention needs with their primary care providers. There were few significant differences between the three study arms in patient-reported cancer prevention care. Future research will assess differences in screening and vaccination rates between study arms during the post-intervention follow-up period.

BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

Comparative validation of the BOADICEA and Tyrer-Cuzick breast cancer risk models incorporating classical risk factors and polygenic risk in a population-based prospective cohort of women of European ancestry

Parichoy Pal Choudhury et al.

Summary: The extended BOADICEA model accurately identified women at elevated breast cancer risk compared to the Tyrer-Cuzick model with PRS, showing improved discrimination in younger women and substantially in older women. Incorporating reproductive/lifestyle factors and PRS into risk models can inform risk stratified breast cancer prevention strategies among women of European ancestry.

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

Understanding and addressing social determinants to advance cancer health equity in the United States: A blueprint for practice, research, and policy

Kassandra Alcaraz et al.

CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cancer Prevention in Primary Care: Perception of Importance, Recognition of Risk Factors and Prescribing Behaviors

Goli Samimi et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Electronic health records and burnout: Time spent on the electronic health record after hours and message volume associated with exhaustion but not with cynicism among primary care clinicians

Julia Adler-Milstein et al.

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Association of Electronic Health Record Use With Physician Fatigue and Efficiency

Saif Khairat et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2020)

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Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Electronic health records contain dispersed risk factor information that could be used to prevent breast and ovarian cancer

Thomas H. Payne et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Review Oncology

An Overview of Cancer Prevention: Chemoprevention and Immunoprevention

Kyle J. Gu et al.

JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION (2020)

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Article Oncology

Chemoprevention Uptake for Breast Cancer Risk Reduction Varies by Risk Factor

Meghan R. Flanagan et al.

ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY (2019)

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Article Oncology

Acceptability of Localized Cancer Risk Reduction Interventions Among Individuals at Average or High Risk for Cancer

Goli Samimi et al.

CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH (2019)

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Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Douglas K. Owens et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2019)

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The Impact of Patient-Provider Race/Ethnicity Concordance on Provider Visits: Updated Evidence from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey

Alyson Ma et al.

JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES (2019)

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Review Oncology

Motivators and barriers of tamoxifen use as risk-reducing medication amongst women at increased breast cancer risk: a systematic literature review

B. Meiser et al.

HEREDITARY CANCER IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2017)

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Chemoprevention Uptake among Women with Atypical Hyperplasia and Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Meghna S. Trivedi et al.

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Nationwide cross-sectional adherence to mammography screening guidelines: national behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey results

Anand Narayan et al.

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT (2017)

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Tamoxifen Acceptance and Adherence among Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Treated in a Multidisciplinary Setting

Lindsey C. Karavites et al.

CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH (2017)

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Cancer Risk Assessment Tools in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

J. G. Walker et al.

ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE (2015)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Clinical Benefits of Electronic Health Record Use: National Findings

Jennifer King et al.

HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH (2014)

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Article Oncology

Breast Cancer Prevention by Antihormones and Other Drugs Where Do We Stand?

Matteo Lazzeroni et al.

HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2013)

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Article Primary Health Care

Estimating a Reasonable Patient Panel Size for Primary Care Physicians With Team-Based Task Delegation

Justin Altschuler et al.

ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE (2012)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Shared Treatment Decision Making Improves Adherence and Outcomes in Poorly Controlled Asthma

Sandra R. Wilson et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2010)

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Patient Decisions About Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mary E. Ropka et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2010)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Interventions to increase recommendation and delivery of screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers by healthcare providers - Systematic reviews of provider assessment and feedback and provider incentives

Susan A. Sabatino et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2008)

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Article Oncology

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JG Zapka et al.

CANCER (2004)

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