期刊
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 170, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108324
关键词
Anxiety; Perception; Olfaction; Skin conductance; Generalization; Perceptual discimination; Physiology; Psychophysics; Fear; Emotion; Plasticity; Forced-choice task; Sensory testing
资金
- NIMH [R01 MH101293]
- NIDCD
Anxiety disorders can disrupt learning-induced improvement in sensory discrimination, leading to overgeneralization of negative affective responses to non-threatening situations. Learning induced perceptual plasticity can be impaired in people with high levels of trait anxiety.
Aversive learning normally induces alterations in sensory function as the brain's sensory systems are tuned to optimize detection and discrimination of threat-predictive stimuli. Anxiety disorders can disrupt behavioral discrimination between threat-predictive and neutral stimuli, resulting in overgeneralization of negative affective responses to non-threatening situations. We thus hypothesized that anxiety could disrupt learning-induced improvement in sensory discrimination. We tested perceptual discrimination between similar odorants before and after discriminative aversive conditioning. Participants exhibiting normal levels of trait anxiety developed a larger skin conductance response (SCR) to the shock-predictive odorant and substantial improvement in their perceptual discrimination between the two odors. Repeated exposure to the odors without shock partially extinguished the SCRs but the perceptual effect persisted. By contrast, participants with high levels of trait anxiety developed comparably sized SCRs to both odors and displayed no perceptual improvement. Learning induced perceptual plasticity can thus be impaired in people with high levels of trait anxiety.
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