期刊
AQUACULTURE
卷 559, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738442
关键词
Aquaculture; Non-toxic; Antibacterial performance; Anti-ammonia; Contamination removal
资金
- Singapore MOE Tier 3 grants [MOE2013-T3-1-002, MOE2018-T3-1-003]
- Singapore MOH Industry Alignment Fund [NMRC/MOHIAFCAT2/003/2014]
- A*Star Specialty Chemical grant [SERC A1786a0032]
- CARIE (Centre for Aquaculture Research Innovation and Education)
- NTU iFood Grant
- NTU
Crosslinked beads prepared by diffusion-driven layer by layer process exhibit excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility, with high adsorption capacity for removing fish waste.
Non-toxic macroscale (few millimeters in diameter) cationic antibacterial beads were made for suppression of bacteria in fish culture. The beads were formed by the diffusion-driven layer by layer (dd-LBL) process using graphene oxide substrate and branched polyethyleneimine and were stabilized by post-assembly crosslinking process in which carboxyl groups on the graphene oxide were crosslinked with amine groups on the branched polyethyleneimine using 1-ethyl-3-(3 dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) chemistry. The crosslinked beads have negligible in vitro toxicity to 3T3 cells and zebrafish embryos. Further, the crosslinked beads exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, which can reach over 99.9% inactivation against Escherichia coli (E. coli) in 30 min even with ultrahigh (similar to 10(8) CFU/mL) E. coli concentration. The antibacterial activity of the crosslinked beads can be regenerated with a simple procedure and remains high in the 10th cycle of regeneration. The crosslinked beads have much improved mechanical stability compared to the raw (uncrosslinked) beads. The highly porous structure and abundant functional groups of the crosslinked beads give them high adsorption capacity towards various forms of organic matter such as fish waste. Addition of zeolite nanoparticles during the bead formation process and subsequent chemical crosslinking with hyaluronic acid makes these beads suitable for removal of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) while preserving the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility.
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