4.6 Review

Translating Microbiome Research From and To the Clinic

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Article Microbiology

The Mouse Gastrointestinal Bacteria Catalogue enables translation between the mouse and human gut microbiotas via functional mapping

Benjamin S. Beresford-Jones et al.

Summary: This study constructed the Mouse Gastrointestinal Bacteria Catalogue (MGBC) to identify functionally equivalent taxa between the gut microbiotas of humans and mice. It also provided a publicly deposited collection of bacterial isolates to facilitate experimental investigation of individual commensal bacteria functions.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2022)

Article Immunology

Compositional Flux Within the Intestinal Microbiota and Risk for Bloodstream Infection With Gram-negative Bacteria

Igor Stoma et al.

Summary: This study investigated the connection between gram-negative intestinal colonization and the risk of gram-negative BSIs in allo-HCT recipients. Results showed that domination by gram-negative bacteria in the intestine was associated with subsequent BSI. Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis seemed to reduce these infections by influencing gut colonization. Initial colonization by certain genus members was associated with protection against gram-negative BSI.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Immunology

SER-109, an Investigational Microbiome Drug to Reduce Recurrence After Clostridioides difficile Infection: Lessons Learned From a Phase 2 Trial

Barbara H. McGovern et al.

Summary: The study results suggest that SER-109 has the potential to prevent rCDI, especially for patients over 65 years old. Early engraftment of SER-109 is associated with non-recurrence and increased concentrations of secondary bile acids.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Immunology

Alterations of the Oral Microbiome and Cumulative Carbapenem Exposure Are Associated With Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Chemotherapy

Samuel L. Aitken et al.

Summary: This study identified the oral microbiome as a potential source for S. maltophilia infection in AML patients, while also highlighting cumulative carbapenem use as a risk factor. These findings suggest that real-time monitoring of the oral cavity could help identify patients at risk for S. maltophilia infection.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Immunology

Community-acquired Coinfection in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Observational Experience

Christopher J. Lehmann et al.

Summary: This report highlights the prevalence of coinfection among COVID-19 patients, especially those requiring admission to intensive care. Despite the low rate of coinfection, a high percentage of patients still received antibiotic treatment.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

A Phase 1b Safety Study of SER-287, a Spore-Based Microbiome Therapeutic, for Active Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis

Matthew R. Henn et al.

Summary: In this study, a phase 1b trial was conducted in 58 adults with active mild-to-moderate UC to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SER-287, an oral formulation of Firmicutes spores. The results showed that patients who received vancomycin preconditioning and daily doses of SER-287 had a higher clinical remission rate at week 8 compared to placebo, indicating that engraftment of dose species was facilitated by vancomycin preconditioning and daily dosing of SER-287.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Review Virology

The cytokine storm and COVID-19

Biying Hu et al.

Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a global pandemic since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, posing a serious threat to public health. Close contact and respiratory droplets are the main modes of transmission. The cytokine storm is closely associated with disease severity and mortality, emphasizing the importance of studying and treating the cytokine storm in COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Is Highly Effective in Real-World Practice: Initial Results From the FMT National Registry

Colleen R. Kelly et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated the high effectiveness and good safety profile of FMT for CDI. Assessment of new conditions at long-term follow-up will be important for determining the full safety profile of FMT as this registry grows.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Review Infectious Diseases

The global prevalence and trend of human intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in the community

Yihienew M. Bezabih et al.

Summary: There has been a significant increase in the intestinal carriage rate of ESBL E. coli in the community globally over the past 20 years, with the highest rates observed in South-East Asia and the lowest in Europe. Prevention of its spread may require new therapeutic and public health strategies.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2021)

Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: A Four-Year Single-Center Retrospective Review

Muhammad Farhan Ashraf et al.

Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in treating refractory and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Most patients showed symptomatic improvement after 2 months of follow-up, but 40.6% experienced CDI recurrence within the following year. Immunocompromised patients were found to have a statistically significant correlation with CDI recurrence.

GASTROENTEROLOGY RESEARCH (2021)

Review Microbiology

The gut microbiota-brain axis in behaviour and brain disorders

Livia H. Morais et al.

Summary: This Review discusses the intricate and potentially important connections between the gut microbiota and the brain, involving bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis. Emerging evidence suggests that disruptions in microbial communities may be implicated in neurological disorders, with animal models providing valuable insights into the pathways linking the gut and the brain which could have tangible impacts on human health.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Review Microbiology

Salmonella versus the Microbiome

Andrew W. L. Rogers et al.

Summary: A balanced gut microbiota is important for health, with competition and habitat filters influencing microbiota assembly and maintenance of homeostasis. Once the microbiota has matured, competition and habitat filtering can prevent new microbes from colonizing and protect against opportunistic infections. However, pathogens like Salmonella can overcome colonization resistance through virulence factors that trigger intestinal inflammation, disrupting the normal habitat filtering. This insight is relevant for understanding how inflammation can lead to dysbiosis and noncommunicable diseases.

MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients

Erez N. Baruch et al.

Summary: This study conducted a phase 1 clinical trial and found that FMT treatment in patients with anti-PD-1-refractory metastatic melanoma, along with reinduction of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, resulted in clinical responses in some patients. This suggests that modulating the gut microbiota could be a promising approach in cancer treatment.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Microbiology

Bifidobacterium bifidum strains synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors to reduce tumour burden in mice

Se-Hoon Lee et al.

Summary: Specific strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum can reduce tumor burden synergistically with PD-1 blockade or oxaliplatin treatment by eliciting an antitumor host immune response, indicating their potential therapeutic use.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Article Immunology

National Estimates of Healthcare Costs Associated With Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections Among Hospitalized Patients in the United States

Richard E. Nelson et al.

Summary: This study estimated the healthcare costs associated with infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria in the United States, revealing that these infections resulted in substantial healthcare costs.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Manipulation of intestinal microbiome as potential treatment for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

Yasaman Ghorbani et al.

Summary: Evidence suggest a role for intestinal microbiome and bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, with research focusing on modulation through diet and microbiota manipulation for treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify the inconsistent results.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Role of gut microbiota in travel-related acquisition of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Ye Peng et al.

Summary: This study identified both travel-related risk factors and microbial predictors for the risk of ESBL-E acquisition during international travels, including gut microbiota composition and dietary habits.

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Fecal microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients

Diwakar Davar et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation combined with anti-PD-1 therapy can overcome resistance to anti-PD-1 in a subset of PD-1 refractory melanoma patients, leading to clinical benefits. This approach induced changes in the gut microbiome and reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment, ultimately enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of bacteria-derived HLA-bound peptides in melanoma

Shelly Kalaora et al.

Summary: The study found that peptides derived from intracellular bacteria can be presented by tumor cells, eliciting an immune response and shedding light on how bacteria influence immune activation and therapy responses.

NATURE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

C. difficile exploits a host metabolite produced during toxin-mediated disease

Kali M. Pruss et al.

Summary: The study reveals that C. difficile can use host-derived sorbitol to gain a metabolic advantage under inflammatory conditions induced by toxins, shedding light on a new perspective of infection mechanism.

NATURE (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

The effect of a microbial ecosystem therapeutic (MET-2) on recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a phase 1, open-label, single-group trial

Dina Kao et al.

Summary: The study conducted in Canada focused on patients with mild to moderate C difficile infection and at least one recurrence within 12 months. MET-2 demonstrated good efficacy and tolerability in treating C difficile infection, with no serious adverse events reported.

LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2021)

Article Microbiology

A bacterial bile acid metabolite modulates Treg activity through the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A1

Wei Li et al.

Summary: Bile acids regulate immune balance by affecting T cell differentiation, with isoalloLCA promoting T-reg cell differentiation through chromatin structure changes; gut bacteria capable of producing isoalloLCA belong to common human gut bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes, and NR4A1 is essential for isoalloLCA's effects on T-reg cells; significantly reduced levels of isoalloLCA in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases suggest a critical role for isoalloLCA and its bacterial producers in maintaining immune homeostasis in humans.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Article Immunology

Clinical Practice Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA): 2021 Focused Update Guidelines on Management of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Adults

Stuart Johnson et al.

Summary: This clinical practice guideline is a focused update on the management of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in adults, specifically addressing the use of fidaxomicin and bezlotoxumab. The recommendations from the multidisciplinary panel are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews, aiming to guide healthcare professionals caring for adults with CDI.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Novel bile acid biosynthetic pathways are enriched in the microbiome of centenarians

Yuko Sato et al.

Summary: Centenarians have a unique gut microbiome enriched in microorganisms capable of producing specific bile acids, including a previously undescribed isoform. The specific bile acid isoalloLCA exhibits potent antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive multidrug-resistant pathogens, suggesting a potential role in reducing infection risk.

NATURE (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Evaluation and Management of Well-Appearing Febrile Infants 8 to 60 Days Old

Robert H. Pantell et al.

Summary: This guideline provides recommendations for the evaluation and management of well-appearing term infants, 8 to 60 days of age, with fever >= 38.0 degrees C. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating parents' values and preferences into shared decision-making, and acknowledges the need for variations in treatment based on individual circumstances. The recommendations aim to guide diagnostic testing and antimicrobial administration, with numbers needed to test and treat provided.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Enterococcus peptidoglycan remodeling promotes checkpoint inhibitor cancer immunotherapy

Matthew E. Griffin et al.

Summary: This study found that members of the Enterococcus bacterial genus can improve checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in mouse tumor models through the expression and secretion of immune-active murpeptides. Additionally, expression of this enzyme in nonprotective bacteria can also enhance immunotherapy response, requiring another bacterial sensor for its activity.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridium difficile Infection in Children

Maribeth R. Nicholson et al.

CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Site-specific acylation of a bacterial virulence regulator attenuates infection

Zhenrun J. Zhang et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2020)

Article Immunology

Antibiotic Degradation by Commensal Microbes Shields Pathogens

Mergim Gjonbalaj et al.

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

Dawei Wang et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbial bile acid metabolites modulate gut RORγ+ regulatory T cell homeostasis

Xinyang Song et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Microbiota as Predictor of Mortality in Allogeneic Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation

Jonathan U. Peled et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

W. Guan et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Improving Risk-Benefit in Faecal Transplantation through Microbiome Screening

Lito E. Papanicolas et al.

TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease

Kevin J. Clerkin et al.

CIRCULATION (2020)

Letter Endocrinology & Metabolism

Obesity Is a Risk Factor for Greater COVID-19 Severity

Feng Gao et al.

DIABETES CARE (2020)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Alterations in Gut Microbiota of Patients With COVID-19 During Time of Hospitalization

Tao Zuo et al.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2020)

Article Infectious Diseases

Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19: interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce mortality

Chi Zhang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes

Mart M. Lamers et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Hypertension is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression

Raymond Pranata et al.

JOURNAL OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US Sites, 2016-2019

Danielle M. Tack et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2020)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in New York City

Parag Goyal et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Diabetes as a risk factor for greater COVID-19 severity and in-hospital death: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Alessandro Mantovani et al.

NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbiome-derived inosine modulates response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy

Lukas F. Mager et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Brain-gut-microbiome interactions in obesity and food addiction

Arpana Gupta et al.

NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2020)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Gut commensal microbiota and decreased risk forEnterobacteriaceaebacteriuria and urinary tract infection

Matthew Magruder et al.

GUT MICROBES (2020)

Review Microbiology

Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease

Melanie Schirmer et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ruminococcus gnavus, a member of the human gut microbiome associated with Crohn's disease, produces an inflammatory polysaccharide

Matthew T. Henke et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Bile acid metabolites control TH17 and Treg cell differentiation

Saiyu Hang et al.

NATURE (2019)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Drug-Resistant E. coli Bacteremia Transmitted by Fecal Microbiota Transplant

Zachariah DeFilipp et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Lactose drives Enterococcus expansion to promote graft-versus-host disease

C. K. Stein-Thoeringer et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Immunology

Inhibiting antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by microbiota-mediated intracellular acidification

Matthew T. Sorbara et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Healthy infants harbor intestinal bacteria that protect against food allergy

Taylor Feehley et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Microbial network disturbances in relapsing refractory Crohn's disease

Bahtiyar Yilmaz et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

Article Microbiology

Gut microbiome structure and metabolic activity in inflammatory bowel disease

Eric A. Franzosa et al.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients

V. Gopalakrishnan et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors

Bertrand Routy et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

Article Immunology

Human Gut Microbiota Predicts Susceptibility to Vibrio cholerae Infection

Firas S. Midani et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2018)

Review Microbiology

The human skin microbiome

Allyson L. Byrd et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut bacteria selectively promoted by dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes

Liping Zhao et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

Article Infectious Diseases

Short- and long-term effects of oral vancomycin on the human intestinal microbiota

Sandrine Isaac et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2017)

Article Infectious Diseases

A randomized controlled trial of probiotics for Clostridium difficile infection in adults (PICO)

Anna K. Barker et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2017)

Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sudarshan Paramsothy et al.

JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Quantitative microbiome profiling links gut community variation to microbial load

Doris Vandeputte et al.

NATURE (2017)

Article Genetics & Heredity

A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Andrew Brantley Hall et al.

GENOME MEDICINE (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cross sectional evaluation of the gut-microbiome metabolome axis in an Italian cohort of IBD patients

Maria Laura Santoru et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2017)

Article Microbiology

Enterococci and Their Interactions with the Intestinal Microbiome

Krista Dubin et al.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2017)

Article Transplantation

Longitudinal Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota in Liver Transplantation

Karin Kato et al.

TRANSPLANTATION DIRECT (2017)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Gut Microbiota Predict Pulmonary Infiltrates after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Bianca Harris et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Variation in Microbiome LPS Immunogenicity Contributes to Autoimmunity in Humans

Tommi Vatanen et al.

Editorial Material Microbiology

Human Microbiota-Associated Mice: A Model with Challenges

Marie-Claire Arrieta et al.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gut Microbiota and Extreme Longevity

Elena Biagi et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2016)

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

From Escherich to the Escherichia coli genome

Guillaume Meric et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2016)

Review Microbiology

Clostridium difficile colitis: pathogenesis and host defence

Michael C. Abt et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A secreted bacterial peptidoglycan hydrolase enhances tolerance to enteric pathogens

Kavita J. Rangan et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism

Douglas J. Morrison et al.

GUT MICROBES (2016)

Article Hematology

Intestinal Blautia Is Associated with Reduced Death from Graft-versus-Host Disease

Robert R. Jenq et al.

BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (2015)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The effect of past antibiotic exposure on diabetes risk

Ben Boursi et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2015)

Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Gut Dysbiosis Is Linked to Hypertension

Tao Yang et al.

HYPERTENSION (2015)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Administration of Spores of Nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile Strain M3 for Prevention of Recurrent C difficile Infection A Randomized Clinical Trial

Dale N. Gerding et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota

Kristoffer Forslund et al.

NATURE (2015)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The oral and gut microbiomes are perturbed in rheumatoid arthritis and partly normalized after treatment

Xuan Zhang et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota

Marie Vetizou et al.

SCIENCE (2015)

Review Immunology

The Treg/Th17 Axis: A Dynamic Balance Regulated by the Gut Microbiome

Sara Omenetti et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2015)

Article Immunology

Global Burden of Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella Disease, 2010

Trong T. Ao et al.

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2015)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Microbiota transplantation restores normal fecal bile acid composition in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

Alexa R. Weingarden et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY (2014)

Article Microbiology

The Treatment-Naive Microbiome in New-Onset Crohn's Disease

Dirk Gevers et al.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2014)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Commensal bacteria protect against food allergen sensitization

Andrew T. Stefka et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2014)

Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridium difficile Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zain Kassam et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells

Yukihiro Furusawa et al.

NATURE (2013)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Duodenal Infusion of Donor Feces for Recurrent Clostridium difficile

Els van Nood et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The Microbial Metabolites, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Regulate Colonic Treg Cell Homeostasis

Patrick M. Smith et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Horizontal gene transfer converts non-toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains into toxin producers

Michael S. M. Brouwer et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly

Marcus J. Claesson et al.

NATURE (2012)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Collagen Structure and Stability

Matthew D. Shoulders et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOCHEMISTRY (2009)

Article Immunology

Reproducible Community Dynamics of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota following Antibiotic Perturbation

Dionysios A. Antonopoulos et al.

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY (2009)

Article Microbiology

Chenodeoxycholate Is an Inhibitor of Clostridium difficile Spore Germination

Joseph A. Sorg et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2009)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients

Harry Sokol et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2008)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Development of the human infant intestinal microbiota

Chana Palmer et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2007)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

Peter J. Turnbaugh et al.

NATURE (2006)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Bile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria

JM Ridlon et al.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2006)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora

PB Eckburg et al.

SCIENCE (2005)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatory bowel disease

S Fujino et al.

Article Infectious Diseases

Detection of β-lactamase-mediated resistance

DM Livermore et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2001)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of antibiotic therapy on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized patients.

CJ Donskey et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2000)

Article Microbiology

Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology in intraabdominal infections associated with diverticulitis

I Brook et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2000)