COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A Prospective Cohort Study of COVID-19 Vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 Infection, and Fertility

Amelia K. Wesselink et al.

Summary: Based on data from an internet-based preconception cohort study, this research finds that COVID-19 vaccination does not impair fertility, while male SARS-CoV-2 infection may be associated with a short-term decline in fertility.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

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Letter Immunology

Increased immune escape of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron

Jie Hu et al.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Durability of Anti-Spike Antibodies in Infants After Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination or Natural Infection

Lydia L. Shook et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant women in Scotland

Sarah J. Stock et al.

Summary: Population-level data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake in pregnancy and SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes are lacking. However, this study reveals low levels of vaccination uptake by pregnant women compared to women in the general population and that not being vaccinated is associated with increased risk of severe complications of COVID-19 in pregnancy, including perinatal mortality.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Plasma Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

Fabian Schmidt et al.

Summary: Neutralization assays showed much lower omicron neutralization compared to Wuhan-hu-1 after two doses of mRNA vaccine, but individuals who received a booster vaccine or were vaccinated after recovering from Covid-19 exhibited high levels of omicron neutralization.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: coverage and safety

Helena Blakeway et al.

Summary: This study investigates the uptake and safety of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women. The results show that the proportion of vaccinated pregnant women is low, and those who received the vaccine experienced similar pregnancy outcomes compared to unvaccinated pregnant women. There is lower uptake among younger women, non-White ethnicity, and lower socioeconomic background. This study contributes to the evidence on the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy and emphasizes the importance of improving awareness among pregnant women and healthcare professionals on vaccine safety.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Covid-19 vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy: rate of vaccination and maternal and neonatal outcomes, a multicentre retrospective cohort study

M. Rottenstreich et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Covid-19 vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes. The results showed a vaccination rate of 40.2% in a population covered by a National Health Insurance Plan, which was not associated with adverse maternal outcomes and even decreased the risk for neonatal adverse outcomes.

BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

The relationship between delivery and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in COVID-19: a cohort study

B. L. Pineles et al.

Summary: The study found that delivery improves the P/F ratio in pregnant patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, highlighting the need for individualized delivery management in these patients.

BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

An internally validated prediction model for critical COVID-19 infection and intensive care unit admission in symptomatic pregnant women

Erkan Kalafat et al.

Summary: This study aimed to develop a prediction model to quantify the risk of pregnant women progressing to critical COVID-19 and being admitted to an intensive care unit. The findings showed that age, body mass index, and diagnosis in the third trimester were associated with increased risk of requiring intensive care. The models developed provide valuable information for risk assessment and support care decisions for pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2022)

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Letter Acoustics

Clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnancies during the Omicron wave

P. Birol Ilter et al.

ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in pregnant patients

Yiwen Cui et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Equity in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine development and deployment

Neena Modi et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed weaknesses in multiple areas and exacerbated gender inequalities worldwide, while also leading to scientific breakthroughs in vaccine development. This article discusses the implications of vaccination for pregnant and lactating women, questions the justification for their exclusion from initial vaccine trials, and whether changes are needed in the current vaccine development process.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Compromised SARS-CoV-2-specific placental antibody transfer

Caroline Atyeo et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes more severe disease in pregnant women compared to age-matched non-pregnant women. Transfer of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies across the placenta is significantly reduced compared to other infectious diseases like influenza and pertussis, but can be partially rescued by infection-induced increases in IgG and increased FCGR3A placental expression. These findings provide insights for maternal vaccine design to boost immunity in neonates.

CELL (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Professionally responsible coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination counseling of obstetrical and gynecologic patients

Frank A. Chervenak et al.

Summary: This paper discusses how to professionally and responsibly counsel patients who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding about COVID-19 vaccination. It addresses major challenges faced in counseling these groups of patients, and provides evidence-based guidance for healthcare providers to empower patients in making informed decisions. It emphasizes the importance of recommending vaccination, addressing vaccine hesitancy, and engaging with communities to build trust and encourage vaccine uptake.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children: results of a survey in 16 countries

Malia Skjefte et al.

Summary: The study found that COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children varied globally, with higher acceptance rates in India, the Philippines, and Latin American countries, and lower rates in Russia, the United States, and Australia. The main predictors of vaccine acceptance included confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness, concern about COVID-19, trust in public health agencies, adherence to mask guidelines, and attitudes towards routine vaccines.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2021)

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News Item Medicine, General & Internal

No link between COVID-19 vaccines and early pregnancy loss

[Anonymous]

MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA (2021)

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Article Immunology

Prenatal maternal COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy outcomes

Tamar Wainstock et al.

Summary: The study found that prenatal administration of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine has no adverse effects on pregnancy course and outcomes. Women who received the vaccine during pregnancy were typically older, more likely to conceive following fertility treatments, and received more prenatal care, but there were no significant differences in pregnancy, delivery, or newborn complications compared to unvaccinated women.

VACCINE (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study

Kathryn J. Gray et al.

Summary: The study found that pregnant and lactating women had equivalent antibody titers after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccine compared to nonpregnant women, and these titers were higher than those induced by natural infection. Vaccine-induced antibodies were present in umbilical cord blood and breastmilk samples, transferring immunity to neonates through placenta and breastmilk.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Efficient Maternofetal Transplacental Transfer of Anti- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Antibodies After Antenatal SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Vaccination

Amihai Rottenstreich et al.

Summary: The study showed that both maternal and neonatal protection were provided by antenatal vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine. Specific antibodies were detected in both maternal and cord blood, with concentrations correlating to maternal levels and time since vaccination.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

EBCOG position statement on COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant and breastfeeding women

Ines Martins et al.

Summary: The Covid 19 pandemic has resulted in a significant increase in mortality and morbidity globally, particularly affecting pregnant women who are at higher risk of severe illness. Urgent vaccination efforts are needed to protect all pregnant women, especially those with high-risk pregnancies.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Risk for Stillbirth Among Women With and Without COVID-19 at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, March 2020–September 2021

Carla L. DeSisto et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Pregnant and Lactating Women

Ai-ris Y. Collier et al.

Summary: This study assessed the immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in pregnant and lactating women, as well as the responses against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. The results showed that pregnant, lactating, and nonpregnant women developed antibody and T-cell responses following vaccination, with antibodies transferred to infant cord blood and breast milk. While antibody titers against the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants were reduced, T-cell responses remained against the viral variants.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons

Tom T. Shimabukuro et al.

Summary: Preliminary data indicates that there are no obvious safety signals among pregnant women who received mRNA Covid-19 vaccines, but more data is needed for further confirmation. Adverse reactions such as injection-site pain were reported more frequently in pregnant women, but most pregnancies resulted in live births with some cases of preterm birth and small size for gestational age.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination

Andreas Greinacher et al.

Summary: After vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19, rare immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia can occur due to platelet-activating antibodies against PF4, resulting in various thrombotic events. Most patients in this case series were women, with fatal outcomes such as cerebral venous thrombosis and intracranial hemorrhage. Additional studies are needed to further investigate and understand this phenomenon.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Updated Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of the Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 Vaccine After Reports of Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Among Vaccine Recipients — United States, April 2021

Jessica R. MacNeil et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Disease severity, pregnancy outcomes, and maternal deaths among pregnant patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Washington State

Erica M. Lokken et al.

Summary: The study showed that pregnant patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher hospitalization and case-fatality rates compared to similarly aged adults in Washington State. The hospitalization rate was 3.5 times higher than that of nonpregnant adults, and the COVID-19 case fatality rate in pregnancy was significantly elevated as well.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

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Article Hematology

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: what we know and do not know

Gowthami M. Arepally et al.

BLOOD (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Myocarditis With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines

Biykem Bozkurt et al.

Summary: Myocarditis is a rare complication of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, predominantly affecting young adult and adolescent males, with most patients showing improvement in symptoms. Possible mechanisms include molecular mimicry between viral proteins and self-antigens, dysregulated immune pathways, immune response to mRNA, and dysregulated cytokine expression.

CIRCULATION (2021)

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Article Immunology

Risk Factors for Illness Severity Among Pregnant Women With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection-Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network, 22 State, Local, and Territorial Health Departments, 29 March 2020-5 March 2021

Romeo R. Galang et al.

Summary: This study found that pregnant women with COVID-19 are more likely to experience moderate-to-severe or critical illness if they are aged 25 and older, have a healthcare occupation, are obese before pregnancy, have chronic lung disease, chronic hypertension, or pregestational diabetes mellitus. Additionally, the risk of moderate-to-severe or critical illness increases with the number of underlying medical or pregnancy-related conditions a pregnant woman has.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prevalence and clinical outcomes of myocarditis and pericarditis in 718,365 COVID-19 patients

Benjamin J. R. Buckley et al.

Summary: This study found that patients with COVID-19 who develop myocarditis/pericarditis have an increased risk of major adverse events and new-onset cardiovascular sequelae.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Editorial Material Hematology

Intracerebral hemorrhage associated with vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia following ChAdOx1 nCOVID-19 vaccine in a pregnant woman

Daniela P. Mendes-de-Almeida et al.

HAEMATOLOGICA (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association Between BNT162b2 Vaccination and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant Women

Inbal Goldshtein et al.

Summary: The retrospective cohort study found that BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in pregnant women was associated with a significantly reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to no vaccination. However, interpretation of the study findings is limited by the observational design.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Spontaneous Abortion Following COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy

Elyse O. Kharbanda et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Nursing

SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Detected in Mother's Milk Post-Vaccination

Jill K. Baird et al.

Summary: The study found that maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 resulted in the presence of protective specific immunoglobulins in human milk that began to significantly increase around 7 days after vaccination, with an IgG-dominant response.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy: a unique opportunity for equity

Erkan Kalafat et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy

Noa Dagan et al.

Summary: The BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine showed high effectiveness in pregnant women in an observational cohort study in Israel, similar to the effectiveness seen in the general population.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Receipt of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccines and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion

Lauren H. Zauche et al.

Summary: The risk of spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy after receiving mRNA Covid-19 vaccination is consistent with historical data.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Features of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis

Sue Pavord et al.

Summary: Phenotypes of VITT were defined in 220 patients in the United Kingdom who presented a median of 14 days after the first ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Half had cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, a third of whom also had intracranial hemorrhage. Mortality was 22%. Intravenous immune globulin may reverse VITT.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Protection of BNT162b2 Vaccine Booster against Covid-19 in Israel

Yinon M. Bar-On et al.

Summary: After receiving a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Israeli residents aged 60 and above who had previously received two doses of the vaccine saw significantly lower rates of confirmed Covid-19 infection and severe illness compared to those who did not receive a booster shot, indicating the effectiveness of the booster dose in reducing infection and severe illness.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Reproductive Biology

Lack of effects on female fertility and prenatal and postnatal offspring development in rats with BNT162b2, a mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine

Christopher J. Bowman et al.

Summary: The vaccine BNT162b2 was found to have no adverse effects on reproduction and development in rats, and its safety for both mothers and offspring was confirmed. This data supports further studies on BNT162b2 in women of childbearing potential, pregnant, and lactating women.

REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY (2021)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Barbara Chmielewska et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes, leading to increased rates of stillbirth, maternal death, surgically managed ectopic pregnancies, and postpartum depression. Disparities exist between high-resource and low-resource settings, emphasizing the urgent need for prioritizing safe, accessible, and equitable maternity care in response to this pandemic and future health crises.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Among Pregnant Women During Pregnancy — Eight Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 14, 2020–May 8, 2021

Hilda Razzaghi et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Short-term Reactions Among Pregnant and Lactating Individuals in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout

Alisa Kachikis et al.

Summary: This cohort study compared short-term reactions following COVID-19 vaccination between pregnant and lactating individuals and those who are not pregnant or lactating but planning pregnancy.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Correction Medicine, Research & Experimental

Efficient maternal to neonatal transfer of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (vol 131, e150319, 2021)

Ofer Beharier et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Pregnancy and birth outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy

Regan N. Theiler et al.

Summary: In this study, pregnant women who received COVID-19 vaccination were less likely to contract COVID-19 compared to those who did not receive the vaccine, and vaccination during pregnancy did not lead to increased risks of pregnancy or delivery complications. Factors such as older age, higher education level, non-smoking status, use of infertility treatment during current pregnancy, and lower gravidity were associated with a higher likelihood of vaccination.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal