期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 34, 期 29, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110660
关键词
atherosclerosis; imaging; nanomedicine; targeted therapy; vulnerable plaques
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52022094, 22020102003, 21834007]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2020YFA0712102]
- Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China [20210101111JC, 20210101287JC]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences [2019232]
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, resulting in unpredictable rupture and adverse cardiovascular events. Nanomedicine offers significant advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic plaques. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms and surface-functionalized nanoagents provide precise imaging and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Atherosclerosis is considered one of the primary causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Unpredictable rupture of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques triggers adverse cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial syndrome and even sudden cardiac death. Therefore, assessing the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and early intervention are of significance in reducing CVD mortality. Nanomedicine possesses tremendous advantages in achieving the integration of the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerotic plaques because of its magnetic, optical, thermal, and catalytic properties. Based on the pathological characteristics of vulnerable plaques, stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms and surface-functionalized nanoagents are designed and have drawn great attention for accomplishing the precise imaging and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques due to their superior properties, such as high bioavailability, lesion-targeting specificity, on-demand cargo release, and low off-target damage. Here, the characteristics of vulnerable plaques are generalized, and some targeted strategies for boosting the accuracy of plaque vulnerability evaluation by imaging and the efficacy of plaque stabilization therapy (including antioxidant therapy, macrophage depletion therapy, regulation of lipid metabolism therapy, anti-inflammation therapy, etc.) are systematically summarized. In addition, existing challenges and prospects in this field are discussed, and it is believed to provide new thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs in the near future.
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