Ionic Hydrogel for Efficient and Scalable Moisture-Electric Generation

The progress of spontaneous energy generation from ubiquitous moisture is hindered the low output current and intermittent operating voltage of the moisture-electric generators. Herein a novel and efficient ionic hydrogel moisture-electric generator (IHMEG) is developed by rational combination of poly(vinyl alcohol), phytic acid, and glycerol-water binary solvent. Thanks to the synergistic effect of notable moisture-absorption capability and fast ion transport capability in the ionic hydrogel network, a single IHMEG unit of 0.25 cm(2) can continuously generate direct-current electricity with a constant open-circuit voltage of approximate to 0.8 V for over 1000 h, a high short-current density of 0.24 mA cm(-2), and power density of up to 35 mu W cm(-2). Of great importance is that large-scale integration of IHMEG units can be readily accomplished to offer a device with voltage up to 210 V, capable of directly driving numerous commercial electronics, including electronic ink screen, metal electrodeposition setup, and light-emitting-diode arrays. Such prominent performance is mainly attributed to the enhanced moisture-liberated proton diffusion proved by experimental observation and theoretical analysis. The ionic hydrogel with high cost-efficiency, easy-to-scaleup fabrication, and high power-output opens a brand-new perspective to develop a green, versatile, and efficient power source for Internet-of-Things and wearable electronics.

Automated summary

This study develops an efficient ionic hydrogel moisture-electric generator that can continuously generate direct-current electricity with high power density. The generator can be easily integrated on a large scale to drive various commercial electronic devices, providing a green, versatile, and efficient power source for the Internet-of-Things and wearable electronics.