期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 14, 期 15, 页码 17444-17453出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01894
关键词
phosphate electrolyte; high voltage; Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 cathode; nonflammable; sodium metal batteries
资金
- Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA22010600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [22102206, 22139001, 52102331]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2021QB030]
- Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong [2020CXGC010401]
- Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province [2019GHZ009]
- QIBEBT [SZ202101]
Researchers have successfully developed a high-performance ternary phosphate electrolyte for high-voltage sodium metal batteries, achieving efficient sodium deposition and cyclic stability.
High-voltage sodium metal batteries are a highly intriguing battery technology in view of their resource sustainability, cost efficiency, and ultrahigh energy density. However, developing a high-performance electrolyte, compatible with both high-voltage cathodes and highly reactive sodium metal anodes, is extremely challenging. In this work, we delicately formulate a ternary phosphate electrolyte, composing of a cost-effective sodium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide salt, a nonflammable triethyl phosphate (TEP) solvent, and a fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) co-solvent. By rationally tailoring the TEP/FEC ratio, the ternary phosphate electrolyte displays a well-balanced performance, not only enabling highly efficient sodium deposition (an average Coulombic efficiency of 95.7% for Na//Cu cells) but also inheriting the intrinsic anodic stability (>= 4.5 V vs Na+/Na) and nonflammability of phosphates. As a consequence, high-voltage Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 cathode-based sodium metal cells (Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3//Na) deliver remarkable cyclic stability (97.9% capacity retention after 300 cycles), which is among the best for Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3-based batteries. This work may guide the electrolyte design principles and is highly enlightening in developing high energy density sodium-based batteries.
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