Streptomyces phyllanthi sp nov., isolated from the stem of Phyllanthus amarus

The novel endophytic actinomycete strain PA1-07(T) was isolated from the stem of Phyllanthus amarus. The strain displayed the consistent characteristics of members of the genus Streptomyces. The strain produced short spiral spore chains on aerial mycelia. It grew at pH 5-9, at 40 degrees C and with a maximum of 5% (w/v) NaCl. It contained LL-diaminopimelic acid, glucose and ribose in the whole-cell hydrolysate. The major cellular menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9 (H-6) and MK-9(H-8), while the major cellular fatty acids were C-16:0, iso-C-14:0, iso-C-16:0 and anteiso-C-15:0. The polar lipids were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and four unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 71 mol%. The strain showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces curacoi JCM 4219(T) (98.77 %). The DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain PA1-07(T) and S. curacoi JCM 4219(T) were lower than 70 %, the cut-off level for assigning strains to the same species. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, the strain could be distinguished from closely related species of the genus Streptomyces and thus represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces phyllanthi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PA1-07(T) (= JCM 30865(T) = KCTC 39785(T) = TISTR 2346(T)).