Inmirania thermothiophila gen. nov., sp nov., a thermophilic, facultatively autotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium isolated from a shallow-sea hydrothermal vent

A novel thermophilic, facultatively autotrophic bacterium, strain S2479(T), was isolated from a thermal spring located in a tidal zone of a geothermally heated beach (Kuril Islands, Russia). Cells of strain S2479(T) were rod-shaped and motile with a Gram-negative cell-wall type. The temperature range for growth was 35-68 degrees C (optimum 65 degrees C), and the pH range for growth was pH 5.5-8.8 (optimum pH 6.5). Growth of strain S2479(T) was observed in the presence of NaCl concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3.5% (w/v) (optimum 1.5-2.0 %). The strain oxidized sulfur and thiosulfate as sole energy sources for autotrophic growth under anaerobic conditions with nitrate as electron acceptor. Strain S2479(T) was also capable of heterotrophic growth by reduction of nitrate with oxidation of low-chain fatty acids and a limited number of other carboxylic acids or with complex proteinaceous compounds. Nitrate was reduced to N-2. Sulfur compounds were oxidized to sulfate. Strain S2479(T) did not grow aerobically during incubation at atmospheric concentration of oxygen but was able to grow microaerobically (1% of oxygen in gas phase). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain was a member of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae, order Chromatiales, class Gammaproteobacteria. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain S2479(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Inmirania thermothiophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is S2479(T) (=DSM 100275(T) =VKM B-2962(T)).