☆ 4.5 Review

The emergence of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: a review of cases from 18 countries

LANCET MICROBE (2022)

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Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, various manifestations and complications have emerged, including acute cardiac injury, arrhythmias, thromboembolic complications, and secondary infections. Early recognition of these high morbidity conditions is crucial for optimal treatment and improved outcomes.

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Summary: Infection with the novel coronavirus may lead to lymphopenia and an increased risk of opportunistic infections, including severe fungal infections. This case highlights the potential immune impairments caused by the virus, which can expose patients to higher risks of developing opportunistic infections and resulting in worse outcomes.

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Summary: Mucorales fungi produce a toxin named mucoricin, which plays a central role in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis. Antibodies against mucoricin have therapeutic potential and may also cross-react with ricin-like toxins produced by other organisms.

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Guidance on Imaging for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis: From the Imaging Working Group for the Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Fungal Disease from the EORTC/MSGERC

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Summary: Clinical imaging plays a crucial role in early detection and diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases (IFD). Volumetric high-resolution computed tomography (CT) is the preferred method for lung imaging, providing valuable diagnostic information. Certain radiologic patterns, such as the halo sign and reversed halo sign, can help differentiate between invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and pulmonary mucormycosis.

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Fulminant mucormycosis complicating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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Summary: This case report highlights a rare case of COVID-19 patient with Rhizopus azygosporus pneumonia, emphasizing the potential risk of mucormycosis with the use of immunosuppressants. It underscores the importance of vigilance in monitoring hospitalized COVID-19 patients for fungal infections.

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Article Microbiology

Autopsy Proven Pulmonary Mucormycosis Due to Rhizopus microsporus in a Critically Ill COVID-19 Patient with Underlying Hematological Malignancy

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Summary: Viral infections can lead to ARDS and increase the risk of secondary pulmonary infections. Several studies have reported cases of severe COVID-19 complicated by secondary pulmonary aspergillosis.

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Summary: Biomedical research shows some differences between male and female mice infected with invasive pulmonary mucormycosis, but these differences have no impact on the outcome of treatment or host immune response.

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Review Microbiology

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Summary: Poorly controlled diabetes and severe COVID-19 are the main risk factors for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, which typically presents with rhino-orbital or rhino-cerebral syndromes and nearly all infections are confirmed, highlighting the need for heightened awareness among treating physicians.

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Summary: This case report describes a rare occurrence of mucormycosis following COVID-19 in a heart transplant recipient, highlighting the potential mechanisms by which COVID-19 may predispose individuals to invasive fungal infections. Despite aggressive therapeutic measures, the patient ultimately succumbed to the infection. The study also emphasizes the need for clinicians to be vigilant in evaluating for invasive fungal infections like mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19.

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Deepak Garg et al.

Summary: The study discussed a case of probable pulmonary mucormycosis in a COVID-19 patient, highlighting the severity of the disease and the importance of aggressive management for better outcomes. A systematic review revealed that diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor, and the concurrent use of glucocorticoids may also increase the risk of mucormycosis.

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