Alternative Conservation Paradigms and Ecological Knowledge of Small-Scale Artisanal Fishers in a Changing Marine Scenario in Argentina

We studied conservation paradigms of small-scale artisanal fishers and other actors involved in the conservation of the Bahia Blanca Estuary (BBE)-a Southwestern Atlantic estuary under anthropogenic pressures (conservationists, NGOs, individuals in the private sector and the port consortium). We focused on the relationship between fishers and non-human entities (e.g., animals, tides, lunar cycles, etc.) from alternative conservation paradigms according to Palsson's schema (orientalism, paternalism, communalism). We also explored the ecological knowledge of fisher communities to identify possible conservation strategies. Using an ethnographic approach, we identified communalism as the dominant paradigm within the fisher communities as opposed to the paternalistic and orientalist approaches of conservationists and industry employees in the BBE. Fishers demonstrated a broad knowledge on the effects of climate change on fish stocks and pollution on ocean environments and biota, which gillnets avoid catching juveniles and threatened species, and landscape changes over the long-term period, among others areas that could be useful for conservation of these changing coastal ecosystems. We conclude that understanding local perspectives and practices is essential for a democratic exchange among different bodies of knowledge to conserve marine ecosystems.

Automated summary

This study examines conservation paradigms of small-scale artisanal fishers and other actors involved in the conservation of the Bahia Blanca Estuary. By studying the relationship between fishers and non-human entities and exploring the ecological knowledge of fisher communities, the study identifies communalism as the dominant paradigm within the fisher communities. The findings highlight the importance of understanding local perspectives and practices for the conservation of coastal ecosystems.