Monomer-scale design of functional protein polymers using consensus repeat sequences

Protein-based polymers possess chemically defined sequences that can encode diverse properties and functions into a new class of biopolymeric materials. However, sequence variation that emerges from evolution can obscure the sequence-function relationships of naturally derived polymers. One strategy to clarify these relationships is to identify common sequences between proteins with similar functions. These conserved sequences often emerge from repeat proteins, and consensus repeat sequences provide a convenient platform for systematic investigations of biopolymer sequence-property relationships. In this review, we highlight recent approaches to engineer tunable polymeric materials using monomer-scale design of consensus repeat proteins. We explore established and emerging protein-based materials with mechanical resilience, thermodynamic phase behavior, chemical responsiveness, biomolecular transport, and hierarchical structure. Overall, recent advances in the monomer-scale design of repetitive protein polymers present exciting fundamental and translational opportunities for polymer scientists and engineers.

Automated summary

Protein-based polymers with chemically defined sequences can encode diverse properties and functions into new biopolymeric materials. Identifying common sequences between proteins with similar functions can clarify sequence-function relationships. Consensus repeat sequences from repeat proteins are a convenient platform for investigating biopolymer sequence-property relationships systematically.