4.4 Article

Aqueous Biphasic Systems Comprising Natural Organic Acid-Derived Ionic Liquids

期刊

SEPARATIONS
卷 9, 期 2, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/separations9020046

关键词

aqueous biphasic systems; ionic liquids; human transferrin; extraction; molecular docking

资金

  1. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology/MCTES [UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020]
  2. national funds (OE) through FCT/MCTES [PTDC/EMD-TLM/3253/2020, PTDC/BII-BBF/030840/2017]
  3. FEDER through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI)
  4. POCI
  5. PORL
  6. FCT through PIDDAC
  7. FCT [SFRH/BD/100155/2014, CEECIND/03076/2018]
  8. FEDER through COMPETE 2020
  9. [022161]
  10. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/EMD-TLM/3253/2020] Funding Source: FCT

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study synthesized four ILs using natural organic acids and found that [P-4444]-based ILs outperformed their ammonium congeners in protein extraction. The main mechanism for extracting human transferrin is the salting-out exerted by the salt.
Despite the progress achieved by aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) comprising ionic liquids (ILs) in extracting valuable proteins, the quest for bio-based and protein-friendly ILs continues. To address this need, this work uses natural organic acids as precursors in the synthesis of four ILs, namely tetrabutylammonium formate ([N-4444][HCOO]), tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N-4444][CH3COO]), tetrabutylphosphonium formate ([P-4444][HCOO]), and tetrabutylphosphonium acetate ([P-4444][CH3COO]). It is shown that ABSs can be prepared using all four organic acid-derived ILs paired with the salts potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4) and tripotassium citrate (C6H5K3O7). According to the ABSs phase diagrams, [P-4444]-based ILs outperform their ammonium congeners in their ability to undergo liquid-liquid demixing in the presence of salts due to their lower hydrogen-bond acidity. However, deviations to the Hofmeister series were detected in the salts' effect, which may be related to the high charge density of the studied IL anions. As a proof of concept for their extraction potential, these ABSs were evaluated in extracting human transferrin, allowing extraction efficiencies of 100% and recovery yields ranging between 86 and 100%. To further disclose the molecular-level mechanisms behind the extraction of human transferrin, molecular docking studies were performed. Overall, the salting-out exerted by the salt is the main mechanism responsible for the complete extraction of human transferrin toward the IL-rich phase, whereas the recovery yield and protein-friendly nature of these systems depend on specific IL-transferrin interactions.

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