Heat transfer of nanomaterial with involve of MHD through an enclosure

Numerical technique was employed to present the hybrid nano-powder behavior through a permeable enclosure with considering irreversibility. Various factors of MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) and permeability have been added in velocity equations and for applying the nanomaterial properties, correlations based of single phase technique were employed. CVFEM was incorporated to achieve the amounts of scalars. With measuring the velocity and temperature, terms of irreversibility have been calculated and reported in view of contours. Water has been mixed with hybrid nano-powders (Fe3O4+MWCNT). The buoyancy force helps the carrier fluid to move faster inside the container and if the zone has higher permeability, greater velocity of fluid can be obtained. But, magnetic field makes the speed of hybrid nano-powders to decrease. Increase of Da (Darcy number) and Ra (Rayleigh number) causes the temperature of sinusoidal surface to reduce about 25% and 57.1% while impose of greater Ha leads to decrease the cooling efficiency about 33.3%. Greater Da causes the eddy to become stronger about 75% while it decreases with augment of Ha about 50%. S-gen,S-th grows about 70.5% with rise of Ha (Hartmann number). Rising Ra and Da makes Nu (Nusselt number) to enhance about 207.98% and 21.09% while augmenting Ha leads to reduction of Nu about 23.87%. Be decreases with rising Da about 3.77% while it augments about 9.36% with imposing stronger Lorentz force.

Automated summary

This study used numerical techniques to investigate the behavior of hybrid nano-powders in a permeable enclosure, taking irreversibility into consideration. The results showed that permeability and magnetic field significantly influenced the fluid flow and nano-powder velocity. Darcy number, Rayleigh number, and Hartmann number also had impacts on temperature and fluid flow characteristics.