Tinea Imbricata among the Indigenous Communities: Current Global Epidemiology and Research Gaps Associated with Host Genetics and Skin Microbiota

Tinea imbricata is a unique fungal skin disease that mostly affects indigenous populations in Southeast Asia, Oceania, and Central and South America. The control and management of this disease among these communities are challenging given their remote locations, certain traditional practices, and severe malnutrition status. To date, there are only a handful of reports published globally, which highlights the need for a more holistic approach in addressing this skin disease. Several bodies of evidence and reports have shown that host genetic factors have a profound influence on the pathogenesis of tinea imbricata, while skin microbiota is touted to have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, there are limited studies of how host genetics and skin microbiota impact disease susceptibility in the host. To improve the understanding of this disease and to find possible long-term effective treatment among the affected indigenous communities, a comprehensive literature review is needed. Hence, this review paper aims to present the current status of tinea imbricata among the indigenous communities, together with published findings on the possible underlying reasons for its specific distribution among these communities, particularly on the ways in which host skin microbiota and host genetics affect occurrence and disease patterns. This information provides valuable insights for future research by highlighting the current knowledge gaps in these areas.

Automated summary

Tinea imbricata is a fungal skin disease that affects indigenous populations in specific regions. The control and management of the disease among these communities are challenging due to their remote locations, traditional practices, and malnutrition. Host genetic factors and skin microbiota are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, but there is limited research on how they impact disease susceptibility. A comprehensive literature review is needed to improve understanding and find effective treatment options for affected communities. This review aims to present the current status and underlying reasons for the disease's distribution, emphasizing knowledge gaps in host genetics and skin microbiota.