期刊
ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS
卷 42, 期 -, 页码 370-379出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.07.047
关键词
Sodium-metal battery; Low concentration electrolyte; Electrolyte additive; High rate BSTFA
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52072105, 21676067]
- Key R&D Program of Anhui Province [202104a05020044]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [PA2021KCPY0028, JZ2020YYPY0109]
A new additive, BSTFA, is introduced in this study to stabilize the electrolyte and fabricate a highly conductive interface in sodium metal batteries, improving their performance.
Due to the abundant reserves and low cost of sodium resources, sodium metal batteries (SMBs) can be used as a promising energy storage technology with high energy density. Recently, ultralow-concentration electrolytes (UL-CEs) with 0.3 mol/L (M) NaPF6 are greatly attractive because of their low cost and high permeability. However, the cycle life and rate performance of SMBs in ULCEs are limited by the high reactivity of sodium metal anodes. Here, an acetamide additive, N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), is introduced into an ULCE (0.3 M NaPF6 in EC/PC, 1:1 vol %) for stabilizing the electrolyte and fabricating a highly conductive interface in SMBs. Theoretical and experimental results prove that BSTFA can scavenge HF and H2O in the NaPF6-based electrolyte spontaneously and inhibit the hydrolysis reaction of NaPF6. Owing to protective interface layers on sodium metal anode and Na3V2(PO4)(3) (NVP) cathode, the Na parallel to NVP battery in 2% BSTFA-containing ULCE shows a high-capacity retention rate of 92.63% after 1955 cycles at 2 C and a superior rate capability of exceeding 105 mAh g(-1) at 40 C.
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